Postgraduate Research
Projects in Environmental Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic
Engineering
supervised by Professor Hubert CHANSON
Physical
modelling of turbulent flow properties in fish-friendly box culverts
Student : Hui Ling WONG
...
Study period : 2023-...
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON, Gangfu ZHANG
Unimpeded waterway connectivity is a
requirement for all freshwater fish. Small instream structures like
waterway crossings and culverts have too often been overlooked despite
having a major impact on the fish populations. Although baffles may be
installed along the culvert barrel walls to provide some fish-friendly
alternative, they can drastically reduce the culvert discharge capacity
for a given afflux, thus increasing substantially the total cost of the
structure to achieve the same design discharge and afflux. Recently, a
novel characterisation of low-velocity zones in smooth box culverts was
proposed to assist upstream passage of small-bodied fish across a wide
range of discharges in north-eastern Australia, although full-scale field
data are missing until now. In the present study, some physical testing of
low-velocity-zones was undertaken in standard box culvert with a focus on
turbulent flow characteristics.
Publications derived from the project
...
Turbulence
in hydraulic jump roller: hydrodynamics versus aerodynamics
Student : Jiayue (Gloria) HU
...
Study period : 2023-...
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON, Matthew MASON
In turbulent free-surface flows, the
deformation of the surface leads to air bubble entrainment and droplet
projections when the turbulent shear stress is greater than the surface
tension stress that resists to the interfacial breakup. These complex
processes at the water-air interface have been the focus of extensive
experimental, numerical and theoretical studies over last two decades and
this study focuses on air-water flows in medium and high-head hydraulic
structures. This project aims to re-visit the work of ROUSE et al. (1958)
by developing an analogy between hydrodynamics and aerodynamics to gain
new expert knowledge in terms of turbulence and dissipation, implicitly
air bubble entrainment, in hydraulic jumps at low Froude number and high
Reynolds number using some laboratory measurements in stationary flows in
water flumes and wind tunnel.
Publications derived from the project
...
Hydraulic
engineering of fish-friendly pipe culverts
Student : Jason HARLEY
...
Study period : 2021-...
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON, Davide WUTHRICH
Road crossings and culverts may adversely
impact the stream network connectivity and fish habitats of the catchment.
Research into the passage of small-body-mass fish in pipe culverts has
been relatively limited, compared to the literature for box culverts. For
small-bodied and juvenile fish species, the excessive barrel velocities
are often a major hindrance, because of their weak swimming capabilities.
In the present study, some physical testing of low-velocity-zones was
undertaken in standard pipe culvert.
Publications derived from the project
LI, Z., HARLEY, J., and CHANSON, H.
(2022). "Physical Modelling of Pipe Culverts to Assist Upstream Fish
Passage." River Research and Applications, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp.
309-322, 2 digital appendices and 3 movies (DOI: 10.1002/rra.3905) (ISSN
1535-1467). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at UQeSpace)
Modelling
Positive Surge Propagation in Rectangular and Non-Rectangular Channel
Student : Rui SHI
SHI, R. (2022). "Modelling Air-Water Turbulence and Properties in
Unsteady Breaking Bore." Ph.D. Thesis, The University of
Queensland, School of Civil Engineering, 286 pages (DOI:
10.14264/7f692da). (Deposit at UQeSpace)
Study period : 2018-2022
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON, Xinqian LENG, and Pierre LUBIN
A tidal bore is a surge of waters
propagating upstream as the tidal flow turns to rising and the flood tide
rushes into a funnel shaped river mouth with shallow waters This study
will investigate the unsteady turbulent mixing induced by tidal bores in
rectangular and irregular channels, including the coupling between
instantaneous free-surface and velocity fluctuations, air bubble
entrainment as well as the unsteady three-dimensional flow patterns.
Detailed air-water flow measurements will be conducted in a breaking bore
roller, in a large-size channel. Overall the project aims to gain a
greater understanding of the impact of tidal bores on the eco-systems, on
the sedimentary processes and on the dispersion of particulates and
scalars in tidal-bore affected estuaries.
Publications derived from the project
WÜTHRICH, D., SHI, R., and CHANSON, H. (2022).
"Hydraulic jumps with low inflow Froude numbers: air–water surface patterns
and transverse distributions of two-phase flow properties." Environmental
Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 789-818 (DOI:
10.1007/s10652-022-09854-5) (ISSN 1567-7419 [Print] 1573-1510 [Online]). (PDF file) (Open access at UQeSpace)
SHI, R., LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2021). " Breaking
Bore Roller Characteristics: Turbulence Statistics Using Optical
Techniques." Coastal Engineering, Vol. 168, Paper 103893, 17 pages
& Suppl. data (DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2021.103893) (ISSN 0378-3839).
(PDF file) (Deposit at UQeSpace) (Supplementary data)
WÜTHRICH, D., SHI, R., and CHANSON, H. (2021).
"Strong Free-Surface Turbulence in Breaking Bores: a Physical Study on the
Free-Surface Dynamics and Air-Water Interfacial Features." Journal of
Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 924, Paper A20, 37 pages & Cover page (DOI:
10.1017/jfm.2021.614) (ISSN: 0022-1120 (Print), 1469-7645 (Online)). (PDF file) (Deposit at UQeSpace) (Cover Page)
SHI, R., LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2020). "On Optical
Flow Techniques applied to Breaking Surges." Flow Measurement and
Instrumentation, Vol. 72, Paper 101710, 18 pages & Supplementary
material (4 pages) (DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2020.101710) (ISSN
0955-5986). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at IQeSpace)
SHI, R., LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2020). "On
Turbulence and Turbulent Events in a Breaking Bore." Mechanics Research
Communications, Vol. 104, Paper 103478, 4 pages & Supplementary
material (4 pages) (DOI: 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2020.103478) (ISSN 0093-6413).
(PDF
file) (Postprint
at UQeSpace)
WUTHRICH, D., SHI, R., and CHANSON, H. (2020).
"Physical Study of the 3-dimensional Characteristics and Free-surface
Properties of a Breaking Roller in Bores and Surges." Experimental
Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 112, Paper 109980, 13 pages, Supplementary material (4 pages) & 6 video
movies (DOI: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2019.109980) (ISSN 0894-1777). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at UQeSpace) (Video
movies at UQeSpace) (Supplementary
material at UQeSpace)
WÜTHRICH, D., SHI, R., and CHANSON, H. (2020).
"Sensitivity Analysis in Air-Water Measurements under Highly Unsteady Flow
Conditions in a Strong Bore." Proceedings of 22nd Australasian Fluid
Mechanics Conference AFMC2020, Brisbane, Australia, 7-10 December,
Editors H. CHANSON and R. BROWN, Paper 16, 4 pages (DOI: 10.14264/dd7d0ca)
(ISBN 978-1-74272-341-9). (Deposit
at UQeSpace)
SHI, R., WÜTHRICH, D., and CHANSON, H. (2020).
"Introducing a single bubble event detection technique for air-water
interfacial velocity measurements in unsteady turbulent bore." Proceedings
of 22nd Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference AFMC2020, Brisbane,
Australia, 7-10 December, Published by The University of Queensland, Editors
H. CHANSON and R. BROWN, Paper 20, 4 pages (DOI: 10.14264/eb69fc1) (ISBN
978-1-74272-341-9). (Deposit
at UQeSpace)
SHI, R., WÜTHRICH, D., and CHANSON, H. (2020).
"Applications of Optical Flow Technique in Air-Water Flows." Proceedings
of 22nd Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference AFMC2020, Brisbane,
Australia, 7-10 December, Published by The University of Queensland, Editors
H. CHANSON and R. BROWN, Paper 21, 4 pages (DOI: 10.14264/d44ca31) (ISBN
978-1-74272-341-9). (Deposit
at UQeSpace)
SHI, R., WUTHRICH, D., and CHANSON (2020). "Image-based
Measurements of Air-water Flow Properties in Plunging Air-water Jets." Proceedings
of the 8th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures ISHS2020,
12-15 May 2020, Santiago, Chile, R. JANSSEN and H. CHANSON Editors, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 10 pages (DOI:
10.14264/uql.2020.579) (ISBN 978-1-74272-309-9). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
WUTHRICH, D., SHI, R., WANG, H., and CHANSON (2020).
"Three-dimensional air-water flow properties of a hydraulic jump with low
Froude numbers and relatively high Reynolds numbers." Proceedings of the
8th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures ISHS2020,
12-15 May 2020, Santiago, Chile, R. JANSSEN and H. CHANSON Editors, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 10 pages (DOI:
10.14264/uql.2020.583) (ISBN 978-1-74272-309-9). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
WUTHRICH, D., SHI, R., and CHANSON (2020). "Air-water
flow properties in breaking bores and stationary hydraulic jumps with the
same Froude number - Analogies and dissimilarities." Proceedings of the
8th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures ISHS2020,
12-15 May 2020, Santiago, Chile, R. JANSSEN and H. CHANSON Editors, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 10 pages (DOI:
10.14264/uql.2020.584) (ISBN 978-1-74272-309-9). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
SHI, R., LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2019). "Turbulent Mixing
and Turbulent Events in Breaking Bores." Proceedings of the 38th IAHR
World Congress, Panama City, 1-6 Sept., IAHR Publication, Lucas CALVO
Ed., pp. 3672-3680 (DOI: 10.3850/38WC092019-0279) (ISSN 2521-7119 (Print) -
ISSN 2521-716X (Online) - ISSN 2521-7127). (PDF
file) (Deposit
at UQeSpace)
Sediment
Processes under Tidal Bores
Student : Youkai LI
LI, Y. (2020). "Hydrodynamics of tidal bores: turbulent propagation
and sediment transport." Ph.D. Thesis, The University of
Queensland, School of Civil Engineering, Brisbane, Australia, 308 pages
& Supplementary materials (DOI: 10.14264/uql.2020.671). (Deposit at
UQeSpace)
Study period : 2015-2019
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON, Xinqian LENG, and Hang WANG
A tidal bore is a hydrodynamic discontinuity
propagating upstream in an estuarine zone with a funnel shape as the tide
starts rising under spring tidal conditions. The sediment transport was
initiated during the passage of the bore roller toe by the large
longitudinal pressure gradient force, and the sediment particles were
subjected to large horizontal accelerations. The study will deliver
high-resolution quantitative data in terms of force terms acting on
sediment particles beneath a tidal bore and their trajectory
characteristics.
Publications derived from the project
LI, Y., and CHANSON, H. (2022). "Vanishing
bore: Turbulent propagation and transformation." Canadian Journal of
Civil Engineering, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 289-294 (DOI:
10.1139/cjce-2020-0419) (ISSN 0315-1468). (PDF file) (Postprint at UQeSpace)
LI, Y., and CHANSON, H. (2018). "Decelerating Bores in
Channels and Estuaries." Coastal Engineering Journal, Vol. 60, No.
4, pp. 449-465 (DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2018.1529261) (ISSN 0578-5634). (PDF file) (Deposit at
UQeSpace)
LI, Y., and CHANSON, H. (2018). "Sediment
Motion beneath Surges and Bores." Proc. 6th IAHR International Symposium
on Hydraulic Structures ISHS 2018, Aachen, Germany, 15-18 May, B.P.
TULLIS and D.B. BUNG Editors, 10 pages (DOI: 10.15142/T3B340) (ISBN:
978-0-692-13277-7). (PDF
file) (Record
at UQeSpace) (Record
at DigitalCommons, Utah State University)
LI, Y., and CHANSON, H. (2017). "Free-surface and
Velocity Characteristics of Tidal Bore Propagation against a Slope:
Experiments on Decelerating Bores." Proceedings of 37th IAHR World
Congress, IAHR & USAINS Holding Sdn. Bhd. Publ., Editors Aminuddin
Ab. Ghani, Ngai Weng Chan, Junaidah Ariffin, Ahmad Khairi Abd Wahab, Sobri
Harun, Amir Hashim Mohamad Kassim and Othman Karim, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
13-18 August, Vol. 4, Theme 4.3, pp. 3413-3422 (ISSN 2521-7127 (USB); ISSN
2521-716X (Online)). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at UQeSpace)
Unsteady
Turbulence
in the Propagation of Breaking and Undular Bores
Student : Xinqian (Sophia) LENG
LENG, X. (2018). "Study of Turbulence: the Unsteady Propagation of
Bores and Surges." Ph.D. thesis, School of Civil Engineering, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 364 pages & 2 Digital
Appendices (DOI:
10.14264/uql.2018.501). (PDF
at UQeSpace) (Digital
Appendix E & Digital
Appendix F)
2018 University of Queensland Dean’s Award for
Research Higher Degree Excellence (2018 Theses commended by their thesis
examiners)
Study period : 2014-2018
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON, Pierre LUBIN and Hang WANG
A tidal bore is essentially a positive surge
formed in an estuary under spring tide conditions in a narrow funnelled
channel mouth during the early flood tide. After formation, the bore may
be analogical to a translating hydraulic jump. Herein both breaking and
undular bores are investigated experimentally and numericaly, combining
CFD modelling with large-scale laboratory works and field investigations.
Publications derived from the project
LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2019). "Air-Water
Interaction and Characteristics in Breaking Bores." International
Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 120, Paper 103101, 17 pages (DOI:
10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2019.103101) (ISSN 0301-9322). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2019). "Two-phase Flow
Measurements of an Unsteady Breaking Bore." Experiments in Fluids,
Vol. 60, No. 3, Paper 42, 15 pages & 2 video movies (DOI:
10.1007/s00348-019-2689-2) (ISSN 0723-4864). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2019). "Two-Dimensional
Integral Turbulent Scales in Compression Wave in a Canal." Experimental
Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 102, pp. 163-180 (DOI:
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2018.09.014) (ISSN 0894-1777). (PDF file) (Deposit at
UQeSpace)
LENG, X., SIMON, B., KHEZRI, N., LUBIN, P., and
CHANSON, H. (2018). "CFD Modelling of Tidal Bores: Development and
Validation Challenges." Coastal Engineering Journal, Vol. 60, No. 4,
pp. 423-436 (DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2018.1498211) (ISSN 0578-5634). (PDF file) (Deposit at
UQeSpace)
REUNGOAT, D., LUBIN, P., LENG, X., and CHANSON, H.
(2018). "Tidal Bore Hydrodynamics and Sediment Processes: 2010-2016 Field
Observations in France." Coastal Engineering Journal, Vol. 60, No.
4, pp. 484-498 (DOI: 10.1080/21664250.2018.1529265) (ISSN 0578-5634). (PDF file) (Deposit at
UQeSpace)
LENG, X., CHANSON, H., and REUNGOAT, D. (2018).
"Turbulence and Turbulent Flux Events in Tidal Bores: Case Study of the
Undular Tidal Bore of the Garonne River." Environmental Fluid Mechanics,
Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 807-828 (DOI: 10.1007/s10652-017-9561-9) (ISSN 1567-7419
[Print] 1573-1510 [Online]). (PDF
file) (Preprint
at UQeSpace)
REUNGOAT, D., LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2017).
"Successive impact of tidal bores on sedimentary processes: Arcins channel,
Garonne River." Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, Vol. 188, pp.
163-173 (DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2017.02.025) (ISSN 0272-7714). (PDF file) (Preprint at UQeSpace)
WANG, H., LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2017). "Bores and
Hydraulic Jumps. Environmental and Geophysical Applications." Engineering
and
Computational Mechanics, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil
Engineers, UK, Vol. 170, No. EM1, pp. 25-42 (DOI: 10.1680/jencm.16.00025)
(ISSN 1755-0777). (PDF
file) (Reprint
at
UQeSpace) 2018 Baker Medal, Institution of Civil Engineers, UK.
LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2017). "Upstream Propagation
of Surges and Bores: Free-Surface Observations." Coastal Engineering
Journal, Vol. 59, No. 1, paper 1750003, 32 pages & 4 videos (DOI:
10.1142/S0578563417500036) (ISSN 0578-5634). (PDF
file) (Preprint
at
UQeSpace) (Video
movies at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2017). "Integral Turbulent
Scales in Unsteady Rapidly Varied Open Channel Flows." Experimental
Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 81, pp. 382–395 (DOI:
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2016.09.017) (ISSN 0894-1777). (PDF
file) (Preprint
at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2017). "Unsteady Velocity
Profiling in Bores and Positive Surges." Flow Measurement and
Instrumentation, Vol. 54, pp. 136-145 (DOI:
10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2017.01.004) (ISSN 0955-5986). (PDF
file) (Preprint
at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2017). "Unsteady Turbulence,
Dynamic Similarity and Scale Effects in Bores and Positive surges." European
Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids, Vol. 61, pp. 125-134 (DOI:
10.1016/j.euromechflu.2016.09.017) (ISSN 0997-7546). (PDF
file) (Preprint
at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON,
H. (2016). "Coupling between Free-surface Fluctuations, Velocity
Fluctuations and Turbulent Reynolds Stresses during the Upstream Propagation
of Positive Surges, Bores and Compression Waves." Environmental
Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 695-719 & digital appendix
(DOI: 10.1007/s10652-015-9438-8) (ISSN 1567-7419 [Print] 1573-1510
[Online]). (PDF
file) (Digital
appendix) (Reprint
at UQeSpace)
SUN, S., LENG, X., and
CHANSON, H. (2016). "Rapid Operation of a Tainter Gate: Generation Process
and Initial Upstream Surge Motion." Environmental
Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 87-100 (DOI:
10.1007/s10652-015-9414-3) (ISSN 1567-7419 [Print] 1573-1510 [Online]). (PDF file) (Preprint
at
UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON,
H. (2015). "Turbulent Advances of a Breaking Bore: Preliminary Physical
Experiments." Experimental Thermal and
Fluid Science, Vol. 62, pp. 70-77 (DOI:
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2014.12.002) (ISSN 0894-1777). (PDF file) (Record at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON,
H. (2015). "Breaking Bore: Physical Observations of Roller Characteristics."
Mechanics Research Communications,
Vol. 65, pp. 24-29 (DOI: 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2015.02.008) (ISSN 0093-6413).
(PDF file)
(Preprint
at
UQeSpace)
LENG, X., CHANSON, H., and LUBIN, P. (2018). "Air
Bubble Entrainment in Breaking Bores: Physical and Numerical CFD Modelling."
Proc. 6th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures ISHS 2018,
Aachen, Germany, 15-18 May, B.P. TULLIS and D.B. BUNG Editors, 11 pages
(DOI: 10.15142/T3FS9Q) (ISBN: 978-0-692-13277-7). (PDF
file) (Record
at UQeSpace) (Record
at DigitalCommons, Utah State University)
KIRI, U., LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2017). "Positive
Surge Propagation in Non-Rectangular Channels." Proceedings of 13th
Hydraulics in Water Engineering Conference HIWE2017, Engineers
Australia, Sydney, 13-16 November, 9 pages (ISBN 978-1-925627-03-9). (PDF file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2017). "Unsteady Turbulent
Velocity Profiling using an Array of Two Vectrino II Profilers in Tidal
Bores and Open Channel Flows." Proceedings of 37th IAHR World Congress,
IAHR & USAINS Holding Sdn. Bhd. Publ., Editors Aminuddin Ab. Ghani, Ngai
Weng Chan, Junaidah Ariffin, Ahmad Khairi Abd Wahab, Sobri Harun, Amir
Hashim Mohamad Kassim and Othman Karim, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 13-18
August, Vol. 7, Theme 7.4, pp. 5482-5490 (ISSN 2521-7127 (USB); ISSN
2521-716X (Online)). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at UQeSpace)
REUNGOAT, D., LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2017).
"Sedimentary and Hydrodynamics Processes of Tidal Bores: Siltation and the
Arcins Channel, Garonne River (France)." Proceedings of 37th IAHR World
Congress, IAHR & USAINS Holding Sdn. Bhd. Publ., Editors Aminuddin
Ab. Ghani, Ngai Weng Chan, Junaidah Ariffin, Ahmad Khairi Abd Wahab, Sobri
Harun, Amir Hashim Mohamad Kassim and Othman Karim, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
13-18 August, Vol. 4, Theme 4.3, pp. 3458-3467 (ISSN 2521-7127 (USB); ISSN
2521-716X (Online)). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., LUBIN, P., and CHANSON, H. (2017). "CFD
Modelling of Breaking and Undular Tidal Bores with Physical Validation." Proceedings
of 37th IAHR World Congress, IAHR & USAINS Holding Sdn. Bhd.
Publ., Editors Aminuddin Ab. Ghani, Ngai Weng Chan, Junaidah Ariffin, Ahmad
Khairi Abd Wahab, Sobri Harun, Amir Hashim Mohamad Kassim and Othman Karim,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 13-18 August, Vol. 7, Theme 7.1, pp. 5072-5081 (ISSN
2521-7127 (USB); ISSN 2521-716X (Online)). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., CHANSON, H., and REUNGOAT, D. (2016).
"Turbulence and Turbulent Eventsin Tidal Bores: Field Observations." Proceedings
of
20th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference, Australasian Fluid
Mechanics Society, G. IVEY, T. ZHOU, N. JONES, S. DRAPER Editors, Perth
WA,Australia, 5-8 December, Paper 434, 4 pages (ISBN 978 2 74052 377 6). (PDF
file) (Preprint
at
UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON,
H. (2016)."Steady and unsteady turbulent velocity profiling in open channel
flows using the ADV Vectrino II profiler." Proceedings
of 6th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures,
Hydraulic Structures and Water System Management, B. CROOKSTON & B.
TULLIS Editors, 27-30 June, Portland OR, USA, pp. 305-314 (DOI:
10.15142/T3620628160853) (ISBN 978-1-884575-75-4). (PDF
file) (Link
at USU) (ISHS2016
proceedings) (Reprint
at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON,
H. (2015). "Turbulent Advances of Breaking Bores: Physical Modelling in a
Large Facility." Proc. 36th IAHR World
Congress, The Hague, The Netherlands, 27 June-3 July, Paper 78518,
12 pages. (PDF
file)
LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2018). "Two-phase Flow
Characteristics of a Breaking Tidal Bore Roller: Microscopic Properties." Hydraulic
Model Report No. CH109/18, School of Civil Engineering, The University
of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 190 pages (ISBN 978-1-74272-195-8). (Deposit
at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2018). "Simultaneous
Velocity Profiling in Unsteady Turbulent Flows Using an Array of Two
Vectrino Profilers." Hydraulic Model Report No. CH106/17, School of
Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 134
pages (ISBN 978-1-74272-183-5). (PDF
file at UQeSpace) (Digital
Appendices)
REUNGOAT, D., LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2017).
"Suspended Sediment Processes in the Garonne River Tidal Bore: Arcins
Channel on 14-15 November 2016." Hydraulic Model Report No. CH108/17,
School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Australia, 166 pages (ISBN 978-1-74272-187-3). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
REUNGOAT, D., LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2016).
"Hydrodynamic and Sedimentary Processes of Tidal Bores: Arcins Channel,
Garonne River in August-September-October 2015." Hydraulic
Model Report No. CH102/16, School of Civil Engineering, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 270 pages (ISBN
978-1-74272-155-2). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON,
H. (2016). "Unsteady Turbulent Velocity Profiling in Open Channel Flows and
Tidal Bores using a Vectrino Profiler." Hydraulic
Model Report No. CH101/15, School of Civil Engineering, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 118 pages (ISBN
978-1-74272-145-3). (PDF
at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and CHANSON, H. (2015). "Unsteady Turbulence
during the Upstream Propagation of Undular and Breaking Tidal Bores: an
Experimental Investigation." Hydraulic
Model Report No. CH98/15, School of Civil Engineering, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 235 pages & 4 video
movies (ISBN 978 1 74272 135 4). (PDF
file at UQeSpace) (Video
movies at UQeSpace)
LENG, X., and
CHANSON, H. (2014). "Turbulent Advances of Breaking Bores: Experimental
Observations." Hydraulic Model Report No.
CH96/14, School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland,
Brisbane, Australia, 40 pages (ISBN 978 1 74272 130 9). (PDF file at UQeSpace)
Turbulence,
Energy
Dissipation and Air Entrainment in Stepped Spillways
Student : Gangfu ZHANG
ZHANG, G. (2017). "Free-Surface Aeration, Turbulence, and Energy
Dissipation on Stepped Chutes with Triangular Steps, Chamfered Steps, and
Partially Blocked Step Cavities." Ph.D. thesis, The University of
Queensland, School of Civil Engineering, 361 pages (DOI:
10.14264/uql.2017.906). (PDF
at UQeSpace)
Study period : 2013-2017
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON, John MACINTOSH and Hang WANG
Stepped spillways are one of the first kinds
of flood release facilities used by dams. The first design of stepped
spillways was known for more than 3,500 years. The steps contribute to
some dissipation of the turbulent kinetic energy and therefore reduce or
eliminate the need for a stilling structure. This thesis work investigates
experimentally the turbulence characteristics and energy dissipation
processes.
Publications derived from the project
ZHANG, G., and CHANSON, H. (2019). "On Void Fraction
and Flow Fragmentation in Two-Phase Gas-Liquid Free-Surface Flows." Mechanics
Research Communications, Vol. 96, pp. 24-28 & Digital Appendix pp.
S1-S6 (DOI: 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2019.01.001) (ISSN 0093-6413). (PDF file with digital
appendix) (Postprint
at UQeSpace)
ZHANG, G., and CHANSON, H. (2018). "Effects of Step and
Cavity Shapes on Aeration and Energy Dissipation Performances of Stepped
Chutes." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 144, No. 9,
Paper 04018060, 12 pages (DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001505) (ISSN
0733-9429). (PDF
file) (Preprint
at UQeSpace)
ZHANG, G. VALERO, D., BUNG, D.B., and CHANSON, H.
(2018). "On the Estimation of Free-surface Turbulence using Ultrasonic
Sensors." Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, Vol. 60, pp. 171-184
(DOI 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2018.02.009) (ISSN 0955-5986). (PDF file) (Reprint at UQeSpace)
WANG, H., SLAMET, N.S., ZHANG, G., and CHANSON, H.
(2018). "Intrusive Measurements of Air-Water Flow Properties in Highly
Turbulent Supported Plunging Jets and Effects of Inflow Jet Conditions." Chemical
Engineering Science, Vol. 177, pp. 245-260 (DOI:
10.1016/j.ces.2017.11.030) (ISSN 0009-2509). (PDF
file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
ZHANG, G., and CHANSON, H. (2018). "Air-water Flow
Properties in Stepped chutes with Modified Step and Cavity Geometries." International
Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 99, pp. 423-436 (DOI:
10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.11.009) (ISSN 0301-9322). (PDF file) (Record at UQeSpace)
ZHANG, G., and CHANSON, H. (2018). "Application of
Local Optical Flow Methods to High-Velocity Free-surface Flows: Validation
and Application to Stepped Chutes." Experimental Thermal and Fluid
Science, Vol. 90, pp. 186-199 (DOI:
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2017.09.010) (ISSN 0894-1777). (PDF file)
ZHANG, G., and CHANSON, H. (2017). "Self-aeration in
Smooth and Stepped Chutes." Environmental Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 17,
No. 1, pp. 27-46 (DOI: 10.1007/s10652-015-9442-z) (ISSN 1567-7419 [Print]
1573-1510 [Online]). (PDF
file) (Preprint
at
UQeSpace)
ZHANG, G., and
CHANSON, H. (2016). "Hydraulics of the Developing Flow Region of Stepped
Spillways. I: Physical Modeling and Boundary Layer Development." Journal
of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 142, No. 7, 8 pages (DOI:
10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001138) (ISSN 0733-9429). (Preprint
with
colour figures) (PDF
file)
ZHANG, G., and
CHANSON, H. (2016). "Hydraulics of the Developing Flow Region of Stepped
Spillways. II: Pressure and Velocity Fields." Journal
of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 142, No. 7, 9 pages
(DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001136) (ISSN 0733-9429). (Preprint with colour
figures) (PDF
file)
ZHANG, G., and
CHANSON, H. (2016). "Gabion Stepped Spillway: Interactions between
Free-Surface, Cavity, and Seepage Flows." Journal
of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 142, No. 5, Paper 06016002, 5
pages (DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001120) (ISSN 0733-9429). (PDF file) (Preprint at UQeSpace
with colour figures)
ZHANG, G., and
CHANSON, H. (2016). "Interactions between Free-surface Aeration and Total
Pressure on a Stepped Chute." Experimental
Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 74, pp. 368-381 (DOI:
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2015.12.011) (ISSN 0894-1777). (Preprint at
UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
ZHANG, G., and CHANSON, H. (2016)."Free-Surface
Aeration in a Steep Stepped Spillway." Proceedings
of 6th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures,
Hydraulic Structures and Water System Management, B. CROOKSTON & B.
TULLIS Editors, 27-30 June, Portland OR, USA, pp. 30-39 (DOI:
10.15142/T3670628160853) (ISBN 978-1-884575-75-4). (PDF
file) (Link
at USU) (ISHS2016
proceedings) (Reprint
at UQeSpace)
ZHANG, G., and
CHANSON, H. (2016)."Turbulence and Energy Dissipation in the Developing
Non-Aerated and the Fully-Developed Aerated Flows on a Stepped Spillway." Proceedings of 6th IAHR International
Symposium on Hydraulic Structures, Hydraulic Structures and Water
System Management, B. CROOKSTON & B. TULLIS Editors, 27-30 June,
Portland OR, USA, pp. 12-21 (DOI: 10.15142/T3640628160853) (ISBN
978-1-884575-75-4). (PDF
file) (Link
at USU) (ISHS2016
proceedings) (Reprint
at UQeSpace)
ZHANG, G., and CHANSON,
H. (2015). "Broad-crested Weir Operation Upstream of a Steep Stepped
Spillway." Proc. 36th IAHR World Congress,
The Hague, The Netherlands, 27 June-3 July, Paper 79662, 11 pages. (PDF file)
ZHANG, G., and
CHANSON, H. (2015). "Free-Surface and Seepage Bubbly Flows on a Gabion
Stepped Spillway Weir: Experimental Observations." Proc.
36th IAHR World Congress, The Hague, The Netherlands, 27 June-3
July, Paper 79661, 11 pages. (PDF
file)
ZHANG, G., and
CHANSON, H. (2014). "Two-Phase Flow on a Gabion Stepped Spillway: Cavity and
Seepage Air-Water Motion." Proceedings of
19th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference, Melbourne, Australia,
Paper 119, 4 pages (ISBN: 978-0-646-59695-2). (PDF
at UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
ZHANG, G., and
CHANSON, H. (2014). "Step Cavity and Gabion Aeration on a Gabion Stepped
Spillway." in "Hydraulic
Structures
and Society – Engineering Challenges and Extremes", The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Proceedings of the
5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014), 25-27
June 2014, Brisbane, Australia, H. CHANSON and L. TOOMBES Editors, 8 pages
(DOI: 10.14264/uql.2014.37) (ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6). (PDF
file)
ZHANG, G., CHANSON, H. (2017). "Application of Local
Optical Flow Methods to High-Velocity Air-Water Flows: Validation and
Application to Skimming Flows on Stepped Chutes." Hydraulic Model Report
No. CH105/17, School of Civil Engineering, The University of
Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 59 pages (ISBN 978-1-74272-182-8). (PDF file at UQeSpace)
ZHANG, G., and
CHANSON, H. (2015). "Hydraulics of the Developing Flow Region of Stepped
Cascades: an Experimental Investigation." Hydraulic
Model Report No. CH97/15, School of Civil Engineering, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 76 pages (ISBN 978 1 74272
134 7). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
Turbulence
and Air Entrainment in Hydraulic Jumps
Student : Hang WANG
WANG, H. (2014). "Turbulence and Air Entrainment in Hydraulic
Jumps." Ph.D. thesis, School of
Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 341
pages & Digital appendices (DOI:
10.14264/uql.2014.542). (PDF
at
UQeSpace)
2014 Lorenz
G.
Straub Award for the Ph.D. dissertation: "Turbulence and Air
Entrainment in Hydraulic Jumps". (Staub
Award
Recipients)
2014 University of Queensland Dean’s
Award for Outstanding
Research
Higher Degree Theses (Top 10 % of UQ Theses graduating in 2014)
Study period : 2011-2014
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON and Frederic MURZYN
A hydraulic jump is a sudden transition from
a supercritical flow to a subcritical flow. It is an extremely turbulent
flow associated with the development of large-scale turbulence, surface
waves and spray, air entrainment and energy dissipation. Hydraulic jumps
are commonly encountered in natural waterways and hydraulic structures,
and are often used for the purpose of enhancement of energy dissipation,
fluid mixing or flow re-aeration. Despite relevant studies in the last two
centuries, the hydraulic jump flow regimes are not fully understood
because of the large number of parameters to describe the flow and the
simultaneous presence of and interactions between various turbulent
two-phase flow properties. This thesis presents a systematic study
of classical hydraulic jumps with partially-developed inflow conditions
based upon physical modelling. The nature of the flow was characterised
with a range of flow properties related to the free-surface dynamics, air
entrainment and transport, characteristic turbulent scales and
bubble-turbulence interactions. The free-surface and air-water flow
measurements were respectively facilitated with non-intrusive acoustic
displacement meters and intrusive phase-detection probes. The turbulence
properties were mainly derived from the air-water interface detection. The
spatial distributions of two-phase flow properties and turbulent scales,
as well as the effects of Froude and Reynolds numbers, revealed some
interaction between turbulence development and air entrainment. The study
covered a wide range of Froude numbers from 2.8 to 10 and Reynolds numbers
from 2.1×104 to 1.6×105. A series of
basic findings were in agreement with previous researches. The dimensions
of hydraulic jump and the length scales of free-surface dynamics were only
determined by the inflow Froude number, while the time scales, namely the
characteristic frequencies of free-surface dynamics, were further affected
by the Reynolds number and may experience scale effects. The jump roller
was characterised by a turbulent shear flow region on the bottom and a
free-surface recirculation region above. Typical void fraction and bubble
count rate distributions reflected the unique aeration pattern which was a
combination of singular air entrainment at the jump toe and interfacial
air-water exchange through the free-surface. A number of characteristic
air-water flow properties were quantified, of which the self-similar
distributions enabled the theoretical prediction of two-phase flow
structures. The results highlighted the linkage of the advection and
diffusion of air bubbles to both buoyancy effects and dissipation of
turbulence and kinetic energy. The bubble-turbulence interplay induced the
occurrence of bubble clustering, which was analysed in both longitudinal
and transverse dimensions. The turbulence characterisation based
upon local phase detection in such an instationary two-phase flow was
substantially improved by the application of triple decomposition
technique to the phase-detection signal. The impact of pseudo-periodic
fluctuations was identified, and the "true" turbulence was characterised
with high-frequency turbulence intensity and integral length/time scales.
An extensive discussion of characteristic turbulent scales was proposed,
including the scale effects. The simultaneous total pressure measurements
in the roller further provided a connection between water level
fluctuations, jump toe oscillations, air entrainment and instantaneous
velocity field variations. The total pressure fluctuations indicated
different dynamic flow regimes in the main and lower shear regions. In a
down-scaled model, most turbulence-related flow properties were not scaled
accordingly based on a Froude similitude, and viscous scale effects could
be significant for small Reynolds numbers. The present thesis
provides a comprehensive description of the turbulent two-phase flow in
hydraulic jump. The original work was contributed with advanced data
collection and analysis methods. It is expected that this work would bring
our knowledge of such a complex open channel flow to the cutting edge, and
provide solid justification for future theoretical and numerical studies
that have a long way ahead.
Publications derived from the project
WANG, H., and CHANSON, H. (2019). "Characterisation
of Transverse Turbulent Motion in Quasi-Two-Dimensional Aerated Flow:
Application of Four-Point Air-Water Flow Measurements in Hydraulic Jump." Experimental
Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 100, pp. 222-232 (DOI:
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2018.09.004) (ISSN 0894-1777). (PDF file) (preprint at
UQeSpace)
WANG, H., and CHANSON, H. (2018). "Estimate of
void fraction and air entrainment flux in hydraulic jump using Froude
number." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 45, No. 2, pp.
105-116 (DOI: 10.1139/cjce-2016-0279) (ISSN 0315-1468). (PDF file) (Preprint at UQeSpace)
WANG, H., and CHANSON, H. (2016). "Self-similarity and
Scale Effects in Physical Modelling of Hydraulic Jump Roller Dynamics, Air
Entrainment and Turbulent Scales." Environmental Fluid Mechanics,
Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 1087-1110 (DOI: 10.1007/s10652-016-9466-z) (ISSN
1567-7419 [Print] 1573-1510 [Online]). (PDF file) (Preprint
at UQeSpace)
WANG, H., HU, Z., and CHANSON, H. (2015).
"Two-dimensional bubble clustering in hydraulic jumps." Experimental
Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 68, pp. 711-721 (DOI:
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2015.07.006) (ISSN 0894-1777). (PDF file) (Postprint at
UQeSpace)
WANG, H., and CHANSON,
H. (2015). "Experimental Study of Turbulent Fluctuations in Hydraulic
Jumps." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,
ASCE, Vol. 141, No. 7, Paper 04015010, 10 pages (DOI:
10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001010) (ISSN 0733-9429). (Preprint
at
UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
WANG, H., and
CHANSON, H. (2015). "Air Entrainment and Turbulent Fluctuations in Hydraulic
Jumps." Urban Water Journal, Vol.
12, No. 6, pp. 502-518 (DOI: 10.1080/1573062X.2013.847464) (ISSN 1573-062X
(Print), 1744-9006 (Online)). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at
UQeSpace)
WANG, H.,
MURZYN, F., and CHANSON, H. (2015). "Interaction between Free-Surface,
Two-Phase Flow and Total Pressure in Hydraulic Jump." Experimental
Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 64, pp. 30-41 (DOI:
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2015.02.003) (ISSN 0894-1777). (PDF file) (Preprint at UQeSpace)
WANG, H.,
MURZYN, F., and CHANSON, H. (2014). "Total Pressure Fluctuations and
Two-Phase Flow Turbulence in Hydraulic Jumps." Experiments
in Fluids, Vol. 55, No. 11, Paper 1847, 16 pages (DOI:
10.1007/s00348-014-1847-9) (ISSN 0723-4864). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at
UQeSpace)
WANG, H.,
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2014). "An Experimental Study of Turbulent
Two-Phase Flow in Hydraulic Jumps and Application of a Triple Decomposition
Technique." Experiments in Fluids,
Vol. 55, No. 7, Paper 1775, 18 pages & 2 video movies (DOI:
10.1007/s00348-014-1775-8) (ISSN 0723-4864). (Postprint at UQeSpace) (PDF file)
ZHANG, G., WANG, H.,
CHANSON, H. (2013). "Turbulence and Aeration in Hydraulic Jumps:
Free-Surface Fluctuation and Integral Turbulent Scale Measurements." Environmental Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 13,
No. 2, pp. 189–204 (DOI: 10.1007/s10652-012-9254-3) (ISSN 1567-7419 [Print]
1573-1510 [Online]). (Postprint
at UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
CHANSON, H., and WANG, H.
(2013). "Unsteady Discharge Calibration of a Large V-notch Weir." Flow
Measurement and Instrumentation, Vol. 29, pp. 19-24 & 2 videos
(DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2012.10.010) (ISSN 0955-5986). (Postprint at
UQeSpace) (PDF file)
(Video
movies at UQeSpace)
WANG, H., and CHANSON,
H. (2015). "Integral Turbulent Length and Time Scales in Hydraulic Jumps: an
Experimental Investigation at Large Reynolds Numbers." Proc.
36th IAHR World Congress, The Hague, The Netherlands, 27 June-3
July, Paper 78834, 13 pages. (PDF
file)
WANG, H., and CHANSON,
H. (2014). "Turbulent Fluctuations in Hydraulic Jumps: a Physical Study." in
"Hydraulic
Structures
and Society – Engineering Challenges and Extremes", The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Proceedings of the
5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014), 25-27
June 2014, Brisbane, Australia, H. CHANSON and L. TOOMBES Editors, 8 pages
(DOI: 10.14264/uql.2014.15) (ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6). (PDF
file)
WANG, H., MURZYN, F.,
and CHANSON, H. (2014). "Pressure Fluctuations and Air-Water Flow Properties
in Hydraulic Jumps." in "Hydraulic
Structures
and Society – Engineering Challenges and Extremes", The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Proceedings of the
5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014), 25-27
June 2014, Brisbane, Australia, H. CHANSON and L. TOOMBES Editors, 9 pages
(DOI: 10.14264/uql.2014.34) (ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6). (PDF
file)
WANG, H., and CHANSON,
H. (2013). "Physical Modelling of Hydraulic Jump: Dynamic Properties and
Internal Two-Phase Flow." Proc. 35th IAHR
World Congress, Chengdu, China, 8-13 Sept., WANG Z., LEE, J.H.W.,
GAO, J., and CAO S. Editors, Paper A10310, 10 pages (ISBN
978-7-302-33544-3). (PDF
file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
WANG, H., and CHANSON,
H. (2013). "Two-Phase Flow Properties and Free-Surface Deformations in
Hydraulic Jumps." Proc. 8th International
Conference on Multiphase Flow ICMF 2013, Jeju, Korea, 26-31 May,
Paper ICMF2013-1079, 9 pages (USB key). (PDF
file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., and WANG, H.
(2013). "V-Notch Weir Overflow: an Unsteady Calibration." Proceedings of International Workshop on
Hydraulic Design of Low-Head Structures, IAHR, 20-22 Feb.,
Aachen, Germany, D. BUNG and S. PAGLIARA Editors, Bundesanstalt für
Wasserbau (BAW, Karlsruhe), pp. 161-168 (ISBN 978-3-939230-04-5). (PDF file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
ZHANG, G., WANG, H.,
and CHANSON, H. (2012). "Air Entrainment and Turbulence in Hydraulic Jumps:
Free-Surface Fluctuations and Integral Turbulent Scales." Proc.
4th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures, APRH -
Associação Portuguesa dos Recursos Hídricos (Portuguese Water Resources
Association), J. MATOS, S. PAGLIARA & I. MEIRELES Eds., 9-11 February
2012, Porto, Portugal, Paper 3, 8 pages (CD-ROM) (ISBN 978-989-8509-01-7). (PDF file) (Record at UQeSpace)
WANG, H., MURZYN, F.,
and D., CHANSON, H. (2014). "Pressure, Turbulence and Two-Phase Flow
Measurements in Hydraulic Jumps." Hydraulic
Model Report No. CH95/14, School of Civil Engineering, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 154 pages (ISBN
9781742721064). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
WANG, H., and CHANSON,
H. (2013). "Free-Surface Deformation and Two-Phase Flow Measurements in
Hydraulic Jumps." Hydraulic Model Report
No. CH91/13, School of Civil Engineering, The University of
Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 108 pages (ISBN 9781742720746). (PDF file at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., and WANG, H.
(2012). "Unsteady Discharge Calibration of a Large V-Notch Weir." Hydraulic
Model Report No. CH88/12, School of Civil Engineering, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 50 pages & 4 movies (ISBN
9781742720579). (PDF
file at UQeSpace) (Video
movies at UQeSpace)
Effects
of Tidal Bores on Turbulent Mixing: a Numerical and Physical Study in
Positive Surges
Student : Bruno SIMON
SIMON, B. (2014). "Effects of Tidal Bores on Turbulent Mixing: a Numerical
and Physical Study in Positive Surges." Ph.D.
thesis, School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland,
Brisbane, Australia, 259 pages & 7 movies. (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
Study period : 2010-2014
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON and Pierre LUBIN
Tidal bores are positive surges created by
the flooding of tides inside estuaries and rivers. They were investigatted
both in laboratory and numerically using an advanced CFD codes. Numerical
simulations reproduced previous experiments, contributing to a step
towards a better understanding of tidal bores. Two and three dimensional
CFD simulations were tested. The three dimensional simulations were
conducted with and without initial steady turbulent conditions.
Publications derived from the project
SIMON, B., LUBIN, P., and CHANSON, H. (2023).
"Hydrodynamic Shock in Rivers: Physical and Numerical Modelling of flow
structures in tsunami-like bores." Physics of Fluids, Vol. 35, No.
10, Article 106607, 35 pages (DOI: 10.1063/5.0161096) (ISSN 0031-9171). (PDF file)
(Deposit
at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., REUNGOAT, D., SIMON,
B., and LUBIN, P. (2011). "High-Frequency Turbulence and Suspended
Sediment Concentration Measurements in the Garonne River Tidal Bore." Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science,
Vol. 95, No. 2-3, pp. 298-306 (DOI 10.1016/j.ecss.2011.09.012) (ISSN
0272-7714). (PDF
file at UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
SIMON, B., LUBIN, P.,
GLOCKNER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2011). "Three-Dimensional Numerical
Simulation of the Hydrodynamics generated by a Weak Breaking Tidal Bore." Proc. 34th IAHR World Congress,
Brisbane, Australia, 26 June-1 July, Engineers Australia Publication, Eric
VALENTINE, Colin APELT, James BALL, Hubert CHANSON, Ron COX, Rob ETTEMA,
George KUCZERA, Martin LAMBERT, Bruce MELVILLE and Jane SARGISON Editors,
pp. 1133-1140 (ISBN 978-0-85825-868-6). (PDF
file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
SIMON, B., LUBIN, P.,
REUNGOAT, D., and CHANSON, H. (2011). "Turbulence Measurements in the
Garonne River Tidal Bore: First Observations." Proc.
34th IAHR World Congress, Brisbane, Australia, 26 June-1 July,
Engineers Australia Publication, Eric VALENTINE, Colin APELT, James BALL,
Hubert CHANSON, Ron COX, Rob ETTEMA, George KUCZERA, Martin LAMBERT, Bruce
MELVILLE and Jane SARGISON Editors, pp. 1141-1148 (ISBN 978-0-85825-868-6).
(PDF file) (Record at UQeSpace)
MOUAZE, D., CHANSON, H., and SIMON,
B. (2010). "Field Measurements in the Tidal Bore of the Sélune
River in the Bay of Mont Saint Michel (September 2010)." Hydraulic
Model Report No. CH81/10, School of Civil Engineering, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 72 pages (ISBN
9781742720210). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., LUBIN, P., SIMON,
B., and REUNGOAT, D. (2010). "Turbulence and Sediment Processes in
the Tidal Bore of the Garonne River: First Observations." Hydraulic
Model
Report No. CH79/10, School of Civil Engineering, The University of
Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 97 pages (ISBN 9781742720104). (PDF file at UQeSpace)
Modelling
Turbulent
Mixing and Sediment Process Beneath Tidal Bores: Physical and
Numerical Investigations
Student : Nazanin KHEZRI
KHEZRI, N. (2014). "Modelling Turbulent Mixing and Sediment Process
Beneath Tidal Bores: Physical and Numerical Investigations." Ph.D.
thesis, School of Civil Engineering, The University of
Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 267 pages. (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
Study period : 2010-2014
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON and Pierre LUBIN
A tidal bore is a hydrodynamic shock in some
natural estuarine system during the early flood tide under spring tide
conditions. In this thesis the flow field and turbulence characteristics
of tidal bores propagating over mobile rough bed were measured using both
physical and numerical (CFD) modelling. The findings showed the dominant
role of the longitudinal pressure gradient force beneath the bore front on
the inception of sediment motion, and the effect of shear force in the
later sediment motion. Some numerical (CFD) simulation of the unsteady
two-phase undular and breaking bore flow on fixed gravel bed was carried
out. Some novel method in the numerical tool includes the use of a mesh
grid disconnected from the geometry, which allows the fluid domain being
treated globally. The numerical simulation of the breaking bore in this
study was a “breakthrough”. The free surface was modelled using the smooth
volume of fluid technique (SVOF) and also the turbulence modelling was
performed via large eddy simulation technique LES. The data was used to
map the velocity and pressure field and resolve some interesting
characteristics of the flow. The results were in good agreement and the
very large pressure gradient force just beneath the bore toe was also
observed in the numerical measurements.
Publications derived from the project
KHEZRI, N., and
CHANSON, H. (2015). "Turbulent Velocity, Sediment Motion and Particle
Trajectories under Breaking Tidal Bores: Simultaneous Physical
Measurements." Environmental Fluid
Mechanics, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 633-651 (DOI:
10.1007/s10652-014-9358-z) & (DOI: 10.1007/s10652-014-9360) (ISSN
1567-7419 [Print] 1573-1510 [Online]). (PDF
file) (Preprint
at
UQeSpace) (Errata)
KHEZRI, N., and
CHANSON, H. (2012). "Undular and Breaking Tidal Bores on Fixed and Movable
Gravel Beds." Journal of Hydraulic
Research, IAHR, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 353-363 (DOI:
10.1080/00221686.2012.686200) (ISSN 0022-1686). (Postprint
at UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
KHEZRI, N., and
CHANSON, H. (2012). "Inception of Bed Load Motion beneath a Bore." Geomorphology,
Vol. 153-154, pp. 39-47 & 2 video movies (DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.02.006) (ISSN 0169-555X). (Postprint
at
UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
KHEZRI, N., and
CHANSON, H. (2012). "Sediment Inception under Breaking Tidal Bores." Mechanics Research Communications, Vol.
41, pp. 49-53 & 1 video movie (DOI 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2012.02.010)
(ISSN 0093-6413). (PDF file)
(Postprint
at UQeSpace) (Digital
appendix:
video movie)
KHEZRI, N., and
CHANSON, H. (2013). "Simultaneous Measurements of Turbulent Velocity and
Sediment Motion under Tidal Bores." Proc.
35th IAHR World Congress, Chengdu, China, 8-13 Sept., WANG Z., LEE,
J.H.W., GAO, J., and CAO S. Editors, Paper A10216, 10 pages (ISBN
978-7-302-33544-3). (PDF
file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
KHEZRI, N., and
CHANSON, H. (2011). "Inception of Gravel Bed Motion beneath Tidal Bores: an
Experimental Study." Proc. 34th IAHR World
Congress, Brisbane, Australia, 26 June-1 July, Engineers Australia
Publication, Eric VALENTINE, Colin APELT, James BALL, Hubert CHANSON, Ron
COX, Rob ETTEMA, George KUCZERA, Martin LAMBERT, Bruce MELVILLE and Jane
SARGISON Editors, pp. 1077-1084 (ISBN 978-0-85825-868-6). (PDF file) (Record
at
UQeSpace)
Air-Water
Flow
Properties on Stepped Spillways for Embankment Dams: Aeration, Energy
Dissipation and Turbulence on Uniform, Non-Uniform and Pooled Stepped
Chutes
Student : Stefan FELDER
FELDER, S. (2013). "Air-Water Flow Properties on Stepped Spillways for
Embankment Dams: Aeration, Energy Dissipation and Turbulence on Uniform,
Non-Uniform and Pooled Stepped Chutes." Ph.D.
thesis, School of Civil Engineering, The University of
Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. (PDF
file at UQeSpace) - 2013 University of Queensland Dean’s Award for
Research Higher Degree Excellence (Top 10 % of UQ Theses graduating
in 2013)
Study period : 2009-2013
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON and Jorge MATOS
Air-water flow experiments were conducted on
some flat and pooled stepped spillways with slopes of 8.9° and 26.6° in
transition and skimming flows. The study comprised the observations of the
flow patterns, characteristic air-water flow properties, and energy
dissipation performances. The air-water flow properties showed some key
features. A new post-processing technique was developed to characterise
the respective contributions of slow fluctuating instabilities and
high-frequency turbulence.
Publications derived from the project
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H.
(2015). "Aeration and Air–Water Mass Transfer on Stepped Chutes with
Embankment Dam Slopes." Environmental
Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 695–710 (DOI:
10.1007/s10652-014-9376-x) (ISSN 1567-7419 [Print] 1573-1510 [Online]). (PDF file)
(Postprint
at
UQeSpace)
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2015).
"Phase-Detection Probe Measurements in High-Velocity Free-Surface Flows
including a Discussion of Key Sampling Parameters." Experimental
Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 61, pp. 66-78 (DOI:
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2014.10.009) (ISSN 0894-1777). (PDF file) (Postprint at
UQeSpace)
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2014).
"Air–water Flows and Free-surface Profiles on a Non-uniform Stepped Chute."
Journal of Hydraulic Research,
IAHR, Vol. 52, No. 2, pp. 253-263 (DOI: 10.1080/00221686.2013.841780) (ISSN
0022-1686). (Postprint
at UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
WANG, H., FELDER, S., and CHANSON,
H. (2014). "An Experimental Study of Turbulent Two-Phase Flow in Hydraulic
Jumps and Application of a Triple Decomposition Technique." Experiments
in Fluids, Vol. 55, No. 7, Paper 1775, 18 pages & 2 video
movies (DOI: 10.1007/s00348-014-1775-8) (ISSN 0723-4864). (Postprint at
UQeSpace) (PDF
file) (Video
movies at UQeSpace)
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2014).
"Triple Decomposition Technique in Air–Water Flows: Application to
Instationary Flows on a Stepped Spillway." International
Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 58, pp. 139-153 & 3 videos
(DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2013.09.006) (ISSN 0301-9322). (Postprint at
UQeSpace) (PDF file)
(Movies
at UQeSpace)
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2014).
"Effects of Step Pool Porosity upon Flow Aeration and Energy Dissipation on
Pooled Stepped Spillways." Journal of
Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 140, No. 4, Paper 04014002, 11
pages (DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000858) (ISSN 0733-9429). (Postprint at
UQespace) (PDF file)
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2013).
"Aeration, Flow Instabilities, and Residual Energy on Pooled Stepped
Spillways of Embankment Dams." Journal of
Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 139, No. 10, pp.
880-887 (DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000627) (ISSN 0733-9437). (Postprint at
UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
GUENTHER, P., FELDER, S., and
CHANSON, H. (2013). "Flow Aeration, Cavity Processes and Energy Dissipation
on Flat and Pooled Stepped Spillways for Embankments." Environmental
Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 503-525 (DOI:
10.1007/s10652-013-9277-4). (Record
at UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
FELDER, S, and CHANSON, H. (2012).
"Free-surface Profiles, Velocity and Pressure Distributions on a
Broad-Crested Weir: a Physical study." Journal
of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 138, No. 12, pp.
1068–1074 (DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000515) (ISSN 0733-9437). (Postprint at
UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2011).
"Energy Dissipation down a Stepped Spillway with Nonuniform Step Heights." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE,
Vol. 137, No. 11, pp. 1543-1548 (DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000455)
(ISSN 0733-9429). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at
UQeSpace). Discussion: Discussion: Vol. 138, No. 10, pp. 920-922 (DOI:
10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000455) (ISSN 0733-9429). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at
UQespace)
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2011).
"Air-Water Flow Properties in Step Cavity down a Stepped Chute." International
Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 37, No. 7, pp. 732–745 (DOI:
10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2011.02.009) (ISSN 0301-9322). (PDF file) (Postprint
at
UQeSpace)
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2014).
"Energy dissipation and flow resistance on flat slope stepped spillways." in
"Hydraulic
Structures
and Society – Engineering Challenges and Extremes", The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Proceedings of the
5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014), 25-27
June 2014, Brisbane, Australia, H. CHANSON and L. TOOMBES Editors, 9 pages
(DOI: 10.14264/uql.2014.22) (ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6). (PDF
file)
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2013).
"Two-Phase Flow Measurements in Un-stationary Free-surface Flows: a New
Signal Decomposition Technique." Proc.
8th International Conference on Multiphase Flow ICMF 2013, Jeju,
Korea, 26-31 May, Paper ICMF2013-064, 10 pages (USB key). (Preprint at UQeSpace)
(PDF file)
GUENTHER, P., FELDER, S., and
CHANSON, H. (2013). "Flat and Pooled Stepped Spillways for Overflow Weirs
and Embankments: Cavity Flow Processes, Flow Aeration and Energy
Dissipation." Proceedings of International Workshop on
Hydraulic Design of Low-Head Structures, IAHR, 20-22 Feb.,
Aachen, Germany, D. BUNG and S. PAGLIARA Editors, Bundesanstalt für
Wasserbau (BAW, Karlsruhe), pp. 77-86 (ISBN 978-3-939230-04-5). (PDF file) (Record
at
UQeSpace)
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2012).
"Velocity and Pressure Measurements on a Broad-Crested Weir: Physical
Measurements." Proc. 4th IAHR
International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures, APRH - Associação
Portuguesa dos Recursos Hídricos (Portuguese Water Resources Association),
J. MATOS, S. PAGLIARA & I. MEIRELES Eds., 9-11 February 2012, Porto,
Portugal, Paper 2, 8 pages (CD-ROM) (ISBN 978-989-8509-01-7). (PDF file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
FELDER, S., and CHANSON, H. (2011).
"Energy Dissipation and Air Entrainment on Stepped Spillways with
Non-Uniform Cavity Sizes." Proc. 34th
IAHR World Congress, Brisbane, Australia, 26 June-1 July, Engineers
Australia Publication, Eric VALENTINE, Colin APELT, James BALL, Hubert
CHANSON, Ron COX, Rob ETTEMA, George KUCZERA, Martin LAMBERT, Bruce MELVILLE
and Jane SARGISON Editors, pp. 2412-2419 (ISBN 978-0-85825-868-6). (PDF file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., and FELDER, S. (2010).
"Turbulence Measurements in Air-Water Self-Aerated Flows: Basic Analysis and
Results." Proc. 7th International
Conference on Multiphase Flow ICMF 2010, Tampa FL, USA, May 30-June
4, Paper No. 10.3.4, 11 pages (USB Memory Stick). (PDF
in ICMF2010 Proceedings) (PDF
file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., and FELDER, S. (2010).
"Energy Dissipation on Embankment Dam Stepped Spillways, Overflow Stepped
Weirs and Masonry Stepped Spillways." Proc.
of 17th Congress of IAHR Asia and Pacific Division, IAHR-APD,
Auckland, New Zealand, 21-24 Feb., B. MELVILLE, G. DE COSTA, and T. SWANN
Eds., 10 pages (ISBN 0-86869-125-9). (PDF
file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
Hydraulic
Modelling of Unsteady Open Channel Flow: Physical and Analytical
Validation of Numerical Models of Positive and Negative Surges
Student : Martina REICHSTETTER
REICHSTETTER, M. (2011). "Hydraulic Modelling of Unsteady Open Channel
Flow: Physical and Analytical Validation of Numerical Models of Positive
and Negative Surges." MPhil thesis,
School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Australia, 112 pages. (PDF
file at UQeSpace) - 2012 University of Queensland Dean’s Award for
Research Higher Degree Excellence (Top 10 % of UQ Theses graduating
in 2012)
Study period : 2010-2011
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON and Luke TOOMBES
Positive and negative surges are commonly by
control structures in open channels, such as the opening and closing of a
gate. In this study, the free-surface properties and turbulence
characteristics of negative and positive surges were investigated
physically under controlled conditions, as well as analytically and
numerically. Unsteady open channel flow data were collected during the
upstream propagation of negative and positive surges. Both, physical and
numerical modelling, were performed. A number of analytical and numerical
models were tested, including the analytical and numerical solutions of
the Saint-Venant equations and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
package. Overall, all models provided reasonable results for the negative
surge. None of the models were able to provide a good agreement with the
measured data for the positive surge. The study showed that theoretical
models may be applied successfully to unsteady flow situations with simple
channel geometry.
Publications derived from the project
REICHSTETTER, M., and CHANSON,
H. (2013). "Negative Surges in Open Channels: Physical and Numerical
Modeling." Journal of Hydraulic
Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 139, No. 3, pp. 341-346 (DOI:
10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000674) (ISSN 0733-9429). (Postprint
at UQeSpace) (PDF
file)
REICHSTETTER, M., and CHANSON, H.
(2013). "Unsteady Turbulent Properties in Negative Waves in Open Channels."
European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids,
Vol. 37, pp. 1-9 & 2 video movies (DOI:
10.1016/j.euromechflu.2012.07.003) (ISSN 0997-7546). (Postprint
at UQeSpace) (PDF
file) (Movies
at UQeSpace)
REICHSTETTER, M., and CHANSON, H.
(2011). "Negative Surge in Open Channel: Physical, Numerical and Analytical
Modelling." Proc. 34th IAHR World
Congress, Brisbane, Australia, 26 June-1 July, Engineers Australia
Publication, Eric VALENTINE, Colin APELT, James BALL, Hubert CHANSON, Ron
COX, Rob ETTEMA, George KUCZERA, Martin LAMBERT, Bruce MELVILLE and Jane
SARGISON Editors, pp. 2306-2313 (ISBN 978-0-85825-868-6). (PDF file) (Record
at
UQeSpace)
REICHSTETTER, M., and CHANSON, H.
(2011). "Physical and Numerical Modelling of Negative Surges in Open
Channels." Hydraulic Model Report No.
CH84/11, School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland,
Brisbane, Australia, 82 pages (ISBN 9781742720388). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
Turbulence
and
aeration in breaking hydraulic jumps with relatively small Froude
numbers
Student : Yann CHACHEREAU
Study period : 2009-2010
A hydraulic jump is the highly turbulent
transition between a high-velocity impinging flow and a turbulent roller.
The jump flow is characterised by some substantial air bubble entrainment,
spray and splashing. In this study, the free surface fluctuations and
air-water properties of the hydraulic jump roller were investigated
physically for relatively small Froude numbers (2.4 < Fr1
< 5.1) and relatively large Reynolds numbers (6.6×104 <
Re < 1.3×105). The shape of the mean free surface profile
was well defined, and the time-averaged free-surface elevation
corresponded to the upper free-surface, with the quantitative values being
close to the equivalent clear-water depth. The turbulent fluctuation
profiles exhibited a maximum in the first part of the hydraulic jump
roller. The free surface fluctuations presented some characteristic
frequencies between 1.4 and 4 Hz,. Some simultaneous free-surface
measurements at a series of two closely located points yielded the free
surface length and time scales of free-surface fluctuations in terms of
both longitudinal and transverse directions. The length scale data seemed
to depend upon the inflow Froude number, while the time scale data showed
no definite trend. Some simultaneous measurements of instantaneous void
fraction and free surface fluctuations exhibited different features
depending upon the phase-detection probe sensor location in the different
regions of the roller. Further air-water measurements were conducted for
several Froude numbers. The Froude dynamic similarity was tested in terms
of the scale effects for air-water flow properties for Fr1 =
5.1.
Publications derived from the project
CHANSON, H., and CHACHEREAU, Y.
(2013). "Scale Effects Affecting Two-Phase Flow Properties in Hydraulic Jump
with Small Inflow Froude Number." Experimental
Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 45, pp. 234-242 (DOI:
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2012.11.014) (ISSN 0894-1777). (Postprint at
UQeSpace) (PDF file)
CHACHEREAU, Y., and CHANSON, H.
(2011). "Free-Surface Fluctuations and Turbulence in Hydraulic Jumps." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,
Vol. 35, No. 6, pp. 896-909 (DOI: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2011.01.009)
(ISSN 0894-1777). (PDF
file) (Postprint
at UQeSpace)
CHACHEREAU, Y., and CHANSON, H.
(2011). "Bubbly Flow Measurements in Hydraulic Jumps with Small Inflow
Froude Numbers." International Journal of
Multiphase Flow, Vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 555-564 (DOI:
10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2011.03.012) (ISSN 0301-9322). (Postprint at
UQeSpace) (PDF file)
CHACHEREAU, Y., and CHANSON, H.
(2011). "Air Entrainment and Scale Effects in Hydraulic Jumps with Small
Froude Numbers." Proc. 34th IAHR World
Congress, Brisbane, Australia, 26 June-1 July, Engineers Australia
Publication, Eric VALENTINE, Colin APELT, James BALL, Hubert CHANSON, Ron
COX, Rob ETTEMA, George KUCZERA, Martin LAMBERT, Bruce MELVILLE and Jane
SARGISON Editors, pp. 2388-2395 (ISBN 978-0-85825-868-6). (PDF file) (Record
at UQeSpace)
CHACHEREAU, Y., and CHANSON, H.
(2010). "Air-Water and Water Projections in Hydraulic Jumps." Proc.
17th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference, Auckland, New
Zealand, 5-9 Dec., G.D. MALLINSON and J.E. CATER Eds., Paper 044, 4 pages
(ISBN: 978-0-86869-129-9). (PDF
file) (Record
at
UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., and CHACHEREAU (2010).
"Air Bubble Entrainment and Water Projections in Hydraulic Jumps." 7th
International Conference on Multiphase Flow ICMF 2010, Tampa FL,
USA, May 30-June 4, Gallery of Multiphase Flow, Poster presentation. (PDF file) (Record at UQeSpace)
CHACHEREAU, Y., and CHANSON, H.,
(2010). "Free-Surface Turbulent Fluctuations and Air-Water Flow Measurements
in Hydraulics Jumps with Small Inflow Froude Numbers." Hydraulic
Model Report No. CH78/10, School of Civil Engineering, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 133 pages (ISBN
9781742720036). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
Environmental
impact
of tidal bores and fish egg dispersion
Student : Kok-Keng TAN
Study period : 2009-2010
A tidal bore is a series of waves
propagating upstream as the tidal flow turns to rising. It forms during
the spring tide conditions when the tidal range exceeds 4 to 6 m and the
flood tide is confined to a narrow funnelled estuary with low freshwater
levels. Tidal bores are locally called mascaret, pororoca, burro, bono,
benak and aegir. A tidal bore is associated with a massive mixing ofthe
estuarine waters that stirs the organic matter and creates some rich
fishing grounds. Its occurrence is essential to many ecological processes
and the survival of unique eco-systems. The tidal bores are also part of
the cultural heritage in many regions: the Qiantang River bore in China,
the Severn River bore in UK, the Dordogne River in France. In this
project, the environmental and ecological impacts of tidal bores are
studied with a focus on fish egg dispersion.
Publications derived from the project
CHANSON, H., and TAN, K.K.
(2011). "Turbulent Dispersion of Fish Eggs under Tidal Bores." Fluid
Dynamics & Materials Processing, Tech Science Press, Vol. 7,
No. 4, pp. 403-418 (ISSN 1555-256X (Printed); 1555-2578 (Electronic)). (Postprint at
UQeSpace) (PDF file)
CHANSON, H., and TAN, K.K. (2010).
"Turbulent Mixing of Particles under Tidal Bores: an Experimental Analysis."
Journal of Hydraulic Research,
IAHR, Vol. 48, No. 5, pp. 641-649 (DOI: 10.1080/00221686.2010.512779 (ISSN
0022-1686). (PDF file)
(Record
at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., and TAN, K.K. (2010).
"Particle Dispersion under Tidal Bores: Application to Sediments and Fish
Eggs." Proc. 7th International Conference
on Multiphase Flow ICMF 2010, Tampa FL, USA, May 30-June 4, Paper
No. 12.7.3, 9 pages (USB Memory Stick). (PDF
in ICMF2010 Proceedings) (PDF
file) (Record
at
UQeSpace)
Basic study of turbulent mixing in sub-tropical
estuary
Student : Mark TREVETHAN
TREVETHAN, M. (2008). "A Fundamental Study of Turbulence and Turbulent
Mixing in a Small Subtropical Estuary." Ph.D.
thesis, Dept of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland,
Brisbane, Australia, 342 pages. (PDF
file at UQeSpace) - 2008 University of Queensland Dean's award for
Research Higher Degree Excellence (Top 10 % of UQ Theses graduating
in 2008)
Study period : 2004-2007
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON and Ian RAMSAY
Dispersion of matter in natural river
systems is of considerable importance, particularly in relation to the
transport of nutrients, sediment and toxicants into ecosystems as a result
of stormwater runoff and wastewater discharges. The project aims to
improve our basic understanding of turbulent mixing and dispersion
processes in subtropical estuaries. This will be achieved through a Ph.D.
research project integrating fundamental hydrodynamics and environmental
sciences. The project is part of of an active cross-institutional
multidisciplinary research effort involving researchers from the
Queensland EPA, the Department of Civil Engineering (UQ), the Department
of Zoology and Entomology (UQ), and the Department of Mechanical
Engineering at QUT.
Publications derived from the project
TREVETHAN, M., and CHANSON, H.
(2009). "Turbulent Mixing in a Small Estuary: Detailed Measurements." Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science,
Vol. 81, No. 2, pp. 191-200 (DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2008.10.020) (ISSN
0272-7714). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
TREVETHAN,
M., CHANSON, H., and BROWN, R. (2008). "Turbulent Measurements in a Small
Subtropical Estuary with Semi-Diurnal Tides." Journal
of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 134, No. 11, pp. 1665-1670
(DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2008)134:11(1665)) (ISSN 0733-9429). (PDF file at UQeSpace)
TREVETHAN, M., CHANSON, H., and
BROWN, R. (2008). "Turbulence Characteristics of a Small Subtropical Estuary
during and after some Moderate Rainfall." Estuarine
Coastal and Shelf Science, Vol. 79, No. 4, pp. 661-670 (DOI:
10.1016/j.ecss.2008.06.006) (ISSN 0272-7714). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., TREVETHAN, M., and
AOKI, S. (2008). "Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry (ADV) in Small Estuary :
Field Experience and Signal Post-Processing." Flow
Measurement and Instrumentation, Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 307-313 (DOI:
10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2008.03.003) (ISSN 0955-5986). (PDF
file
at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., TAKEUCHI, M., and TREVETHAN,
M. (2008). "Using Turbidity and Acoustic Backscatter Intensity as Surrogate
Measures of Suspended Sediment Concentration in a Small Sub-Tropical
Estuary." Journal of Environmental
Management, Vol. 88, No. 4, Sept., pp. 1406-1416 (DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.07.009) (ISSN 0301-4797). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
TREVETHAN, M., and CHANSON, H.
(2007). "Detailed Measurements during a Transient Front in a Small
Subtropical Estuary." Estuarine Coastal
and Shelf Science, Vol. 73, No. 3-4, pp. 735-742 (DOI
10.1016/j.ecss.2007.03.014) (ISSN 0272-7714). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
TREVETHAN, M., CHANSON, H., and
TAKEUCHI, M. (2007). "Continuous High-Frequency Turbulence and Sediment
Concentration Measurements in an Upper Estuary." Estuarine
Coastal
and Shelf Science, Vol. 73, No. 1-2, pp. 341-350
(DOI:10.1016/j.ecss.2007.01.014) (ISSN 0272-7714). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., and TREVETHAN, M.
(2007). "Turbulence in Small Sub-Tropical Estuary with Semi-Diurnal Tides."
Pearl River, Renmin Zhujiang, No.
1, Feb., pp. 16-22 (ISSN 1001-9235) (in Chinese). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., and TREVETHAN, M.
(2006). "Turbulence in Small Sub-tropical Estuary with Semi-Diurnal Tides."
Proceedings of 2nd International
Conference on Estuaries and Coasts (ICEC-2006), Guangzhou,
Guangdong Province, China, November 28-30, Invited paper, Guangdong Economy
Publ., Vol. I, pp. 140-151 (ISBN 7-80728-422-6). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., TAKEUCHI, M., and TREVETHAN,
M. (2006). "Using Turbidity and Acoustic Backscatter Intensity as Surrogate
Measures of Suspended Sediment Concentration. Application to a Sub-Tropical
Estuary (Eprapah Creek)." Report No.
CH60/06, Div. of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland,
Brisbane, Australia, Aug, 44 pages (ISBN 1864998628). (PDF
version
at UQeSpace)
TREVETHAN, M., CHANSON, H., and
BROWN, R.J. (2006). "Two Series of Detailed Turbulence Measurements in a
Small Subtropical Estuarine System." Report
No. CH58/06, Div. of Civil Engineering, The University of
Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, March, 153 pages (ISBN 1864998520). (PDF
version
at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., TREVETHAN, M., and
AOKI, S. (2005). "Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry (ADV) in a Small Estuarine
System. Field Experience and "Despiking"." Proc.
31th Biennial IAHR Congress, Seoul, Korea, B.H. JUN, S.I. LEE, I.W.
SEO and G.W. CHOI Editors, Theme E2, Paper 0161, pp. 3954-3966 (ISBN 89
87898 24 5). (Download PDF file)
Free-surface aeration on embankment stepped
spillways
Student : Carlos A. GONZALEZ
GONZALEZ, C.A. (2005). "An Experimental Study of Free-Surface Aeration on
Embankment Stepped Chutes." Ph.D. thesis,
Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
Australia. (PDF version
at EprintsUQ)
Study period : 2001-2005 (Ph.D. project)
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON and John MACINTOSH
Stepped chutes have been used as hydraulic structures to dissipate energy,
to enhance aeration rate in the flow and to comply with aesthetical
functions. Their design has changed through the centuries. In recent
years, new construction techniques and materials (Roller Compacted
Concrete RCC, rip-rap gabions, wire-meshed gabions, etc.) together with
the development of new applications (e.g. re-aeration cascades, fish
ladders and embankment overtopping protection or secondary spillways) have
allowed cheaper construction of stepped chutes, increasing the interest in
stepped chute design.
This study details an experimental investigation of physical air-water
flow characteristics down a stepped spillway conducted in two laboratory
models with moderate slopes: the first model was a 3.15 m long stepped
chute with a 15.9-deg slope comprising two interchangeable-height steps (h
= 0.1 m and h = 0.05 m); the second model was a 2.5 m long, stepped
channel with a 21.8-deg slope comprising 10 steps (h = 0.1 m). Different
arrangements of turbulence manipulators (vanes) were also placed
throughout the chute in the second model. Measurements were conducted
using single and double tip conductivity probes at multiple span wise
locations and at streamwise distances along the cavity between step edges
to obtain a complete three-dimensional representation of the flow.
Although the present study was conducted for two moderate slope chutes, it
is believed that the outcomes are valid for a wider range of chute
geometry and flow conditions.
The present thesis work included a twofold approach. Firstly, the study
provided a detailed investigation of the energy dissipative properties of
a stepped channel, based upon detailed airwater flow characteristics
measurements conducted with sub-millimetric conductivity probes. Secondly,
the study focused on the microscopic scale properties of the airwater
flow, using the experimental data to quantify the microscopic scale
physical processes (e.g. momentum transfer, shear layer development,
vertical mixing, airbubbles/water-droplets break-up and coalescence etc.)
that are believed to increase the flow resistance in stepped canals. The
study highlighted the tridimensionality of skimming flows and hinted new
means of enhancing flow resistance by manipulating turbulence in the
stepped chute. The introduction of vanes demonstrated simple turbulence
manipulation and form drag modification that could lead to more efficient
designs in terms of energy rate dissipation without significant structural
load on the stepped chute.
Publications derived from the project
CHANSON, H., and GONZALEZ, C.A.
(2004). "Recent Advances in Stepped Spillway Design: Air-Water Flow on
Stepped Chutes, Embankment Dam Stepped Spillway and Other Considerations."
in "Fluvial, Environmental &
Coastal Developments in Hydraulic Engineering", Balkema, Leiden, The Netherlands,
Proc. International Workshop on State-of-the-Art Hydraulic Engineering,
16-19 Feb. 2004, Bari, Italy, M. MOSSA, Y. YASUDA and H. CHANSON Ed., pp.
81-97 (ISBN 04 1535 899 X). (PDF
version
at UQespace) (PDF
Version at EprintsUQ) (Leaflet and
Order Form)
GONZALEZ, C.A., and CHANSON, H.
(2008). "Turbulence and Cavity Recirculation in Air-Water Skimming Flows on
a Stepped Spillway." Journal of
Hydraulic Research, IAHR, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 65-72 (ISSN
0022-1686). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
GONZALEZ, C.A., and CHANSON, H.
(2008). "Turbulence Manipulation in Embankment Stepped Chute Flows: an
Experimental Study." European Journal of
Mechanics B/Fluids, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 388-408 (DOI:
10.1016/j.euromechflu.2007.09.003) (ISSN 0997-7546). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
GONZALEZ, C.A., TAKAHASHI, M., and
CHANSON, H. (2008). "An Experimental Study of Effects of Step Roughness in
Skimming Flows on Stepped Chutes." Journal
of Hydraulic Research, IAHR, Vol. 46, No. Extra Issue 1, pp. 24-35
(ISSN 0022-1686). (PDF
file
at UQeSpace)
GONZALEZ, C.A., and CHANSON, H.
(2007). "Experimental Measurements of Velocity and Pressure Distribution on
a Large Broad-Crested Weir." Flow
Measurement and Instrumentation, Vol. 18, No. 3-4, pp. 107-113 (DOI
10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2007.05.005) (ISSN 0955-5986). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
GONZALEZ, C.A., and CHANSON, H.
(2007). "Diseno Hidráulico de Vertedores Escalonados con Pendientes
Moderadas: Metodologia Basada en un Estudio Experimental." ('Hydraulic
Design of Embankment Stepped Chutes: A Methodology based on an Experimental
Study.') Ingenieria Hidraulica en Mexico
(Hydraulic Engineering in Mexico), Vol. 22, No. 2, II Epoca, April-June, pp.
5-19 & Front Cover (ISSN 0186-4076) (in Spanish). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
GONZALEZ, C.A., and CHANSON, H.
(2007). "Hydraulic Design of Stepped Spillways and Downstream Energy
Dissipators for Embankment Dams." Dam
Engineering, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 223-244 (ISSN 0 617 00563 X). (PDF file at
UQeSpace)
TAKAHASHI, M., GONZALEZ, C.A., and
CHANSON, H. (2006). "Self-Aeration and Turbulence in a Stepped Channel:
Influence of Cavity Surface Roughness." International
Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 32, pp. 1370-1385
(DOI:10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2006.07.001) (ISSN 0301-9322). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
GONZALEZ, C.A., and CHANSON, H.
(2006). "Flow Characteristics of Skimming Flows in Stepped Channels.
Discussion." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol.
132, No. 5, pp. 537-539 (ISSN0733-9429). (PDF
version at EprintsUQ)
CHANSON, H., and GONZALEZ, C.A.
(2005). "Physical Modelling and Scale Effects of Air-Water Flows on Stepped
Spillways." Journal of Zhejiang
University SCIENCE, Vol. 6A, No. 3, March, pp. 243-250 (ISSN
1009-3095). (Download PDF
file)
GONZALEZ, C.A., and CHANSON, H.
(2004). "Interactions between Cavity Flow and Main Stream Skimming Flows: an
Experimental Study." Can Jl of Civ. Eng., Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 33-44 (ISSN
0315-1468). (Download PDF
file)
GONZALEZ, C.A., and CHANSON, H.
(2006). "Air Entrainment and Energy Dissipation on Embankment Stepped
Spillways." Proc. International Symposium
on Hydraulic Structures, IAHR, Ciudad Guayana, Venezuela, Recent
Developments on Hydraulic Structures, from Hybrid Modeling to Operation and
Repairs, A. MARCANO and A. MARTINEZ Ed., pp. 487-497 (ISBN 980 12 2177 1). (PDF version at
UQeSpace) (PDF
version at EprintsUQ) (Preprint)
GONZALEZ, C.A., and CHANSON, H.
(2006). "Flow Resistance and Design Guidelines for Embankment Stepped
Chutes." Proc. International Symposium on
Dams in the Societies of the 21st Century, ICOLD-SPANCOLD,
Barcelona, 18-23 June, L. BERGA, J.M. BUIL, E. BOFILL, J.C. DE CEA, J.A.
CARCIA-PEREZ, G. MANUECO, J. POLIMON, A. SORIANO and J. YAHUE Editors,
Balkema Publ., Taylor & Francis Group, Vol. 1, pp. 1015-1022 (ISBN 0 415
40423 1). (PDF
version
at UQeSpace) (PDF
version at EprintsUQ [Corrected version])
GONZALEZ, C.A., and CHANSON, H.
(2005). "Experimental Study of Turbulence Manipulation in Stepped Spillways.
Implications on Flow Resistance in Skimming Flows." Proc.
31th Biennial IAHR Congress, Seoul, Korea, B.H. JUN, S.I. LEE, I.W.
SEO and G.W. CHOI Editors, Theme D.7, Paper 0057, pp. 2616-2626 (ISBN 89
87898 24 5). (Download PDF file)
GONZALEZ, C., and CHANSON, H.
(2004). "Effects of Turbulence Manipulation in Skimming Flows: An
Experimental Study." Proc. 15th
Australasian Fluid Mech. Conf., AFMC, Sydney, Australia, M. BEHNIA,
W. LIN & G.D. McBAIN Ed., Paper AFMC00104, 4 pages (CD-ROM) (ISBN
1-864-87695-6). (Download PDF
file)
GONZALEZ, C.A., and CHANSON, H.
(2004). "Scale Effects in Moderate Slope Stepped Spillways. Experimental
Studies in Air-Water Flows." Proc. 8th
National Conference on Hydraulics in Water Engineering, IEAust.,
Gold Coast, Australia, H. CHANSON and J. MACINTOSH Ed., 8 pages (CD-ROM)
(ISBN 085825 850 1). (Download PDF
file)
CHANSON, H., and GONZALEZ, C.A.
(2004). "Interactions between Free-surface, Free-stream Turbulence and
Cavity Recirculation in Open Channel Flows: Measurements and Turbulence
Manipulation." Proc. 5th Intl Conf. on
Multiphase Flow, Yokohama, Japan, Y. MATSUMOTO, K. HISHIDA, A.
TOMIYAMA, K. MISHIMA and S. HOSOKAWA editors, Paper 104, 14 pages. (Download
PDF file)
CHANSON, H., and GONZALEZ, C.A.
(2004). "Stepped Spillways for Embankment dams: Review, Progress and
Development in Overflow Hydraulics." Proc.
Intl Conf. on Hydraulics of Dams and River Structures, Tehran,
Iran, Balkema Publ., The Netherlands, F. YAZDANDOOST and J. ATTARI Ed., pp.
287-294 (ISBN 90 5809 632 7). (Also CD-ROM, Taylor
&
Francis, ISBN 90 5809 683 4.). (download
PDF file)
GONZALEZ-RODRIGUEZ, C.A. (2003).
"Experimental Study of Free-Surface Aeration and Turbulent Processes
occurring down an Embankment Dam Stepped Spillway." Proc.
30th IAHR Biennial Congress, J.F. Kennedy Student Paper,
Thessaloniki, Greece, J. GANOULIS and P. PRINOS Ed., pp. 9-16 (ISBN
960-243-600-X). (Download PDF
File)
GONZALEZ, C.A., TAKAHASHI, M., and
CHANSON, H. (2005). "Effects of Step Roughness in Skimming Flows: an
Experimental Study." Research Report No.
CE160, Dept. of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland,
Brisbane, Australia, July, 149 pages (ISBN 1864998105). (PDF
version
at UQeSpace) (Download PDF File) (PDF Version at EprintsUQ)
International conference presentation by Carlos GONZALEZ
GONZALEZ-RODRIGUEZ, C.A.
(2003). "Experimental Study of Free-Surface Aeration and Turbulent
Processes occurring down an Embankment Dam Stepped Spillway." Proc.
30th IAHR Biennial Congress, J.F. Kennedy Student Paper,
Thessaloniki, Greece, J. GANOULIS and P. PRINOS Ed., pp. 9-16 (ISBN
960-243-600-X). (Download PDF
File)
Reservoir siltation and catchment
management in Australia
Student : D.Patrick JAMES
Study period : 1999-2006 (Ph.D. project)
Several Australian dams failed slowly because of reservoir siltation,
although the authorities do not acknowledge it. The writer investigated
reservoir siltation cases (e.g.
CHANSON
1998,
CHANSON and JAMES 1998a,b). Between 1890 and 1960, numerous dams
became fully-silted, mostly in New South Wale. Some reservoirs became
fully-silted in less than 20 years, and their failure affected the
local economy. A list of over 30 rapid reservoir siltation events
was compiled (
CHANSON
and
JAMES 1998b). It includes town water supply reservoirs, railway dams
and mining reservoirs. The analysis of (well-documented) extreme siltation
events in Australia suggests that sedimentation rates in Australia were
high (
CHANSON
and
JAMES 1999, CHANSON 1998). Sedimentation problems were experienced
mostly with small to medium size reservoirs : i.e., catchment area less
than 100 km
2 typically. In contrast large reservoirs
have not been sedimenting rapidly at the exception of Melton, Eppalock and
Eildon reservoirs, all in Victoria. Since the 1950s, lower siltation rates
have been experienced on the Australia continent. The decrease in
reservoir sedimentation is related to the introduction of new farming
techniques, new land conservation practices and an awareness of soil
erosion problems. The trend is characteristic in New South Wales,
Victoria, South Australia and Queensland.
The main findings of the study are : [1] reservoir sedimentation has been
a serious problem in Australia, [2] Australian engineers could draw upon
local and overseas experience, and from past failures, [3] reservoir
siltation affects the dam safety, creating high loads on the dam wall (
CHANSON
and JAMES 1999). Several reservoirs became fully-silted because the
designers did not take into account correctly the soil erosion and
sediment transport processes, and no soil conservation practice was
introduced.Today the society expects the useful life of a reservoir to be
more over 30 to 50 years. One lesson from past experience is the need to
consider the dam, the reservoir and the catchment as a complete system
which cannot be dissociated. Soil erosion and water runoff lead into the
streams some sediment material that is trapped downstream by the dam wall.
A total catchment management policy must be considered from the early
stage of a reservoir design. Fully-silted reservoirs stand as a source of
embarrassment for the scientists and the public. Each reservoir failure
must be a valuable teaching and pedagogic tool to heighten the awareness
of students, professionals and local authorities and of the public.
Society must learn from its mistakes, not to repeat them again
Publications derived from the project
CHANSON, H., and JAMES, D.P.
(2002). "Historical Development of Arch Dams : from Cut-Stone Arches to
Modern Concrete Designs." Aust. Civil Engrg. Trans., IEAust, Vol.
CE43, pp. 39-56 & front cover (ISSN 0819-0259). (Download
PDF file) Read more about Arch
Dam History .
CHANSON, H., and JAMES, D.P.
(1999-2000). "Railway Dams in Australia : Six Historical Structures." Trans.
Newcomen Society, Vol. 71, No. 2, pp. 283-303 (ISSN 0372-0187).
JAMES, D.P., and CHANSON, H. (2000).
"Cement by the Barrel and Cask." Concrete in Australia, Vol. 26, No.
3, pp. 10-13 (ISSN1440-656X). (PDF
Version at EprintsUQ) (Download ZIP
file) (See also http://www.engaust.com.au/magazines/cia/0900coverstory.html)
JAMES, D.P., and CHANSON, H. (1999).
"Australian Arch Dams from 1851 to 1958." ANCOLD Bulletin, No. 113,
Dec., pp. 109-122 (ISSN 0045-0731).
CHANSON, H., and JAMES, D.P.
(1999). "Une Histoire Revisée des Barrages-Voûtes (de l'Antiquité à 1900)."
('A Revised History of Arch Dams (from Antiquity to 1900).') Annales des
Ponts et Chaussées, Ingénieur Science Société, Vol. 91, Sept., pp.
76-83 (ISSN 0152-9668) (in French). (Download
PDF file)
CHANSON, H., and JAMES, P. (1998).
"Teaching Case Studies in Reservoir Siltation and Catchment Erosion." Intl
Jl of Engineering Education, Vol.14, No. 4, pp. 265-275 (ISSN
0949-149X). (Download PDF
file)
CHANSON, H., and JAMES, P. (1998).
"Rapid Reservoir Sedimentation of Four Historic Thin Arch Dams in
Australia." Jl of Performance of Constructed Facilities, ASCE, Vol.
12, No. 2, May, pp. 85-92. Errata : Vol. 12, No. 3, p.169. (download
PDF file)
CHANSON, H., and JAMES, D.P.
(1999). "Siltation of Australian Reservoirs : some Observations and Dam
Safety Implications." Proc. 28th IAHR Congress, Graz, Austria,
Session B5, 6 pages. (download PDF
file)
JAMES, D.P., and CHANSON, H. (1999).
"A Study of Extreme Reservoir Siltation in Australia." Proc. Water
99 Joint Congress, 25th Hydroogy & Water Res. Symp. and 2nd Intl Conf.
Water Res. & Environ. Research, Brisbane, Australia, Vol. 2, pp.
1109-1114 (ISBN 185 825 7165).
CHANSON, H., and JAMES, D.P.
(1998). "Historical Development of Arch Dams in Australia : from Advanced
Designs to Engineering Failures." Research Report CE 157, Dept. of
Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, August
(ISBN 1 86499 0791). (PDF
version at EprintsUQ)
CHANSON, H., and JAMES, D.P.
(2006). "Learning from Experience ?" Intl
Water Power & Dam Construction, Vol. 58, No. 2, pp. 42-26 (ISSN
0306-400X). (PDF Version
at EprintsUQ)
JAMES, D.P., and CHANSON, H. (2000).
"One Hundred Years+ of Riparian Legislation in New South Wales." Australian
Environmental Law News, NELA, No. 3, Sept., pp. 39-45 (ISSN 1320
9647).
Websites
History of arch dams ...
{http://www.uq.edu.au/~e2hchans/arch_dam.html}
Extreme reservoir siltation ...
{http://www.uq.edu.au/~e2hchans/res_silt.html}
JAMES, D.P., and CHANSON, H.
(2004). "Historical Development of Arch Dams. From Roman Arch Dams to
Modern Concrete Designs." Internet Resource, TRAIANVS. Internet address
: {http://traianus.rediris.es/}
Flow
aeration
and
air entrainment on low-gradient stepped cascades
Student : Luke TOOMBES
TOOMBES, L. (2002). "Experimental Study of Air-Water Flow Properties on
Low-Gradient Stepped Cascades." Ph.D.
thesis, Dept of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland. (PDF version at EprintsUQ)
Study period : 1996-2001 (Ph.D. project)
Supervisors: Hubert CHANSON and John MACINTOSH
Stepped cascades are recognised for both aeration potential and energy
dissipation, and have been employed in hydraulic structures for over 3,500
years. This study presents a detailed investigation of both the
macro and micro-scale flow properties on a low-gradient cascade (3.4 deg
slope). Research is conducted on two large-size physical models: a 24m
long multi-step cascade (10-2.4m long steps), and a single-step model with
identical step height and length. The large size of the model allows near
full-scale data acquisition under controlled flow conditions, minimising
potential scale effects. Significant outcomes of theair-water flow
analysis include:
- Air-concentration distribution: The air-concentration distribution at
the lower nappe of free-falling jet shows good agreement with an
analytical solution of the diffusion equation. The experimental results
from the study, and a reanalysis of existing data, indicate a distinct
relationship between the turbulent diffusivity in the shear layer and
distance from the step brink. This contradicts earlier investigations that
assumed constant diffusivity.
-Velocity distribution: A theoretical analysis of the momentum transfer
process imparts an improved understanding of the momentum transfer and
velocity redistribution within the free-falling jet. An analytical
solution based on twodimensional wake flow is developed, superseding
existing solutions based upon a monophase free-mixing layer.
- Bubble-frequency distribution: A quasi-parabolic relationship between
bubble frequency and time-average air concentration across a cross-section
is observed. A theoretical explanation for the parabolic relationship is
developed, and two correction factors are introduced to provide a better
representation of the experimental data.
- Air-bubble and water-droplet size distributions: Chord-length
distributions are compared with standard probability distributions,
showing good agreement with standard Weibull, gamma and log-normal
probability distributions within various regions of the flow on the step.
A parallel investigation of the oxygen aeration efficiency of the stepped
cascade was conducted. Measured air-water property data were used to
calculate the air-water interface area in bubbly flow, and to estimate the
theoretical aeration efficiency of the stepped cascade based upon the
integration of the mass transfer equation. The aeration performance of the
stepped cascade model is also measured experimentally in terms of
dissolved oxygen content. This analysis allows a unique, successful
comparison of experimental dissolved oxygen measurements with the
numerical integration of the mass transfer equation (
TOOMBES
and CHANSON 2005).
International
Award
2004 American Society of Civil
Engineers, Environmental and Water Resources Institute (ASCE-EWRI)
award for
the best practice paper in the Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
Engineering.
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES,
L. (2002). "Energy Dissipation and Air Entrainment in a Stepped Storm
Waterway: an Experimental Study." Jl of Irrigation and Drainage Engrg.,
ASCE, Vol. 128, No. 5, pp. 305-315 (ISSN 0733-9437). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
Publications derived from the project
TOOMBES, L., and CHANSON, H.
(2008). "Interfacial Aeration and Bubble Count Rate Distributions in a
Supercritical Flow Past a Backward-Facing Step." International
Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 34, No. 5, pp. 427-436
(doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2008.01.005) (ISSN 0301-9322). (PDF file at
UQeSpace)
TOOMBES, L., and CHANSON, H.
(2008). "Flow Patterns in Nappe Flow Regime down Low Gradient Stepped
Chutes." Journal of Hydraulic Research,
IAHR, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 4-14 (ISSN 0022-1686). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
TOOMBES, L., and CHANSON,
H. (2007). "Free-Surface Aeration and Momentum Exchange at a Bottom
Outlet." Journal of Hydraulic Research,
IAHR, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 100-110 (ISSN 0022-1686). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES,
L. (2007). "Characteristics of Free Overfall for Supercritical Flows.
Discussion." Canadian Journal of Civil
Engineering, NRC, Vol. 34, No. 8, pp. 1025-1026
(DOI:10.1139/L07-102) (ISSN 0315-1468). (PDF
file at UQeSpace) (Preprint
at
UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(2007). "Hydraulics of Stepped Chutes: the Transition Flow. Rejoinder." Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR,
Vol. 45, No. 1, p. 141 (ISSN 0022-1686). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
TOOMBES,
L., and CHANSON, H. (2005). "Air-Water Mass Transfer on a Stepped
Waterway." Jl of Environ. Engrg.,
ASCE, Vol. 131, No. 10, pp. 1377-1386 (ISSN 0733-9372). (Download
PDF file)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(2004). "Hydraulics of Stepped Chutes: the Transition Flow." Jl
of Hyd. Res., IAHR, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 43-54 (ISSN
0022-1686). (Download PDF
file)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(2003). "Strong Interactions between Free-Surface Aeration and Turbulence
in an Open Channel Flow." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 27,
No. 5, pp. 525-535 (ISSN 0894-1777). (Download PDF
File)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(2002). "Air-Water Flows down Stepped chutes : Turbulence and Flow
Structure Observations." Intl Jl of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 28, No.
11, pp. 1737-1761 (ISSN 0301-9322). (Download PDF
File)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(2002). "Energy Dissipation and Air Entrainment in a Stepped Storm
Waterway: an Experimental Study." Jl of Irrigation and Drainage Engrg.,
ASCE, Vol. 128, No. 5, pp. 305-315 (ISSN 0733-9437). (Download
PDF File) - 2004 American
Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental and Water Resources
Institute (ASCE-EWRI)
Award
for the best practice paper in the Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
Engineering (Award document).
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(2002). "Experimental Study of Gas-Liquid Interfacial Properties in a
Stepped Cascade Flow." Environmental Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 2, No.
3, pp. 241-263 (ISSN 1567-7419). (Download PDF
File)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(2002). "Experimental Investigations of Air Entrainment in Transition and
Skimming Flows down a Stepped Chute." Can. Jl of Civil Eng., Vol.
29, No. 1, pp. 145-156. (ISSN 0315-1468). (Download
PDF File)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(1998). "Supercritical Flow at an Abrupt Drop : Flow Patterns and
Aeration." Can. Jl of Civil Eng., Vol. 25, No. 5, Oct., pp.
956-966 (ISSN 0315-1468). (download PDF
file)
BRATTBERG, T., CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES,
L. (1998). "Experimental Investigations of Free-Surface Aeration
in the Developing Flow of Two-Dimensional Water Jets." Jl of Fluids
Eng., Trans. ASME, Vol. 120, No. 4, pp. 738-744 (ISSN 0098-2202) (download PDF
file)
TOOMBES, L., and CHANSON, H.
(2005). "Air Entrainment and Velocity Redistribution in a Bottom Outlet
Jet Flow." Proc. 31th Biennial IAHR
Congress, Seoul, Korea, B.H. JUN, S.I. LEE, I.W. SEO and G.W.
CHOI Editors, Theme D7, Paper 0080, pp. 2716-2726 (ISBN 89 87898 24 5). (Download PDF file)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(2001). "Strong Interactions between Free-Surface Aeration and Turbulence
down a Staircase Channel." Proc. 14th Australasian Fluid Mech.
Conf., Adelaide, Australia, pp. 841-844 (ISBN 1 876346 33 7). (download PDF file)
TOOMBES, L., and CHANSON, H.
(2000). "Air-Water Flow and Gas Transfer at Aeration Cascades: a
Comparative Study of Smooth and Stepped Chutes." Intl Workshop on
Hydraulics of Stepped Spillways, Zürich, Switzerland, H.E. MINOR
& W.H. HAGER Editors, Balkema Publ., pp. 77-84 (ISBN 90 5809 135X). (download PDF file)
BRATTBERG, T., TOOMBES, L., and
CHANSON, H. (1998). "Developing Air-Water Shear Layers of Two-Dimensional
Water Jets Discharging into Air." Proc. 1998 ASME Fluids Eng. Conf.,
FEDSM'98, Washington DC, USA, June 21-25, Paper FEDSM98-4805, 7 pages
(ISBN 0 7918 1950 7). (downloadPDF
file)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(1998). "Air-Water Flow Structures at an Abrupt Drop with Supercritical
Flow." Proc. 3rd Intl Conf. Multiphase Flow, ICMF'98, Lyon,
France, Session 2.2.5, Paper No. 119, 6 pages. (downloadPDF file)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(1997). "Energy Dissipation in Stepped Waterway." Proc. 27th IAHR
Congress, San Francisco, USA, Vol. D, F.M. HOLLY Jr. and A. ALSAFFAR
Ed., pp. 595-600 (ISBN 0 7844 0274 4). (Download
PDF file)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(2007). "Hydraulics of Stepped Chutes: the Transition Flow. Rejoinder." Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR,
Vol. 45, No. 1, p. 141 (ISSN 0022-1686). (PDF
file at UQeSpace)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(2000). "Stream Reaeration in Nonuniform Flow: Macroroughness Enhancement.
Discussion." Jl of Hyd. Engrg., ASCE, Vol. 126, No. 3, pp. 222-224
(ISSN 0733-9429). (Download PDF
file)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(2001). "Experimental Investigations of Air Entrainment in Transition and
Skimming Flows down a Stepped Chute. Application to Embankment Overflow
Stepped Spillways." Research Report No. CE158, Dept. of Civil
Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, July, 74
pages (ISBN 1 864995297). (Download PDF files : Part
1 and Part 2) (PDF
version at EprintsUQ)
CHANSON, H., and TOOMBES, L.
(1997). "Flow Aeration at Stepped cascades." Research Report No. CE155,
Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Queensland, Australia, June, 110
pages (ISBN 0 86776 730 8). (PDF
version at EprintsUQ)
International conference presentation by Luke TOOMBES
BRATTBERG, T., TOOMBES, L.,
and CHANSON, H. (1998). "Developing Air-Water Shear Layers of
Two-Dimensional Water Jets Discharging into Air." Proc. 1998 ASME
Fluids Eng. Conf., FEDSM'98, Washington DC, USA, June 21-25, Paper
FEDSM98-4805, 7 pages (ISBN 0 7918 1950 7). (downloadPDF file)
Air
bubble entrainment by plunging water jets
Student : T. BRATTBERG
Study period : 1995-2001 (Ph.D. project)
Publications derived from the project
CHANSON, H., and BRATTBERG, T.
(2000). "Experimental Study of the Air-Water Shear Flow in a Hydraulic
Jump." Intl Jl of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 583-607 (ISSN
0301-9322). (download PDF
file)
BRATTBERG, T., CHANSON, H., and
TOOMBES, L. (1998). "Experimental Investigations of Free-Surface Aeration in
the Developing Flow of Two-Dimensional Water Jets." Jl of Fluids Eng.,
Trans. ASME, Vol. 120, No. 4, pp. 738-744 (ISSN 0098-2202) (download
PDF file)
BRATTBERG, T., and CHANSON, H.
(1998). "Air Entrapment and Air Bubble Dispersion at Two-Dimensional
Plunging Water Jets." Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 53, No. 24, Dec.,
pp. 4113-4127 (ISSN 0009-2509). (download PDF file)
CHANSON, H., and BRATTBERG, T.
(1998). "Air Entrainment by Two-Dimensional Plunging Jets : the Impingement
Region and the Very-Near Flow Field." Proc. 1998 ASME Fluids Eng. Conf.,
FEDSM'98, Washington DC, USA, June 21-25, Paper FEDSM98-4806, 8 pages (ISBN
0 7918 1950 7). (downloadPDF
file)
BRATTBERG, T., TOOMBES, L., and
CHANSON, H. (1998). "Developing Air-Water Shear Layers of Two-Dimensional
Water Jets Discharging into Air." Proc. 1998 ASME Fluids Eng. Conf.,
FEDSM'98, Washington DC, USA, June 21-25, Paper FEDSM98-4805, 7 pages (ISBN
0 7918 1950 7). (downloadPDF
file)
CHANSON, H., and BRATTBERG, T.
(1998). "Entrainment, Dispersion and Diffusion of Air Bubbles by Plunging
Water Jet." Proc. 3rd Intl Conf. Multiphase Flow, ICMF'98, Lyon,
France, Session 2.2.6, Paper No. 120, 6 pages. (download
PDF file)
CHANSON, H., and BRATTBERG, T.
(1996). "Air-Water Bubbly Flow in Free-Shear Layers." Proc.
1996 ASME Fluids Eng. Conf., San Diego, USA, ASME-FED Vol. 236,
Vol. 1, pp. 357-364 (ISBN 0 7918 1791 1). (download PDF file)
CHANSON, H., and BRATTBERG, T.
(1997). "Experimental Investigations of Air Bubble Entrainment in Developing
Shear Layers." Report CH48/97, Dept. of Civil Engineering,
University of Queensland, Australia, Oct., 309 pages (ISBN 0 86776 748 0). (Click here for Order Form)
The role of air entrainment in breaking waves
Student : A. HOQUE (Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan)
HOQUE, A. (2002). "Air Bubble Entrainment by
Breaking Waves and Associated Energy Dissipation." Ph.D.
thesis, Dept of Architecture and Civil Eng., Toyohashi Univ. of
Technology, Japan, 151 pages.
Study period : 1999-2002 (Ph.D. project)
Supervisors: Shin-ichi AOKI and Hubert CHANSON
Publications derived from the project
HOQUE, A., and AOKI, S. (2005).
"Distributions of Void Fraction under Breaking Waves in the Surf Zone." Ocean Engineering, Vol. 32, No. 14-15,
pp. 1829-1840.
HOQUE, A., and AOKI, S. (2005). "A
Quantitative Analysis of Energy Dissipation among Three Typical Air
Entrainment." Env. Fluid Mech.,
Vol. 5, pp. 325-340.
CHANSON, H., AOKI, S., and HOQUE, A.
(2004). "Physical Modelling and Similitude of Air Bubble Entrainment at
Vertical Circular Plunging Jets." Chemical
Engineering Science, Vol. 59, No. 4, pp. 747-754 (ISSN
0009-2509). (Download PDF
file)
HOQUE, A. (2004). "Introducing of
Air Bubble Effects on a Simplified Model for Wave Height." Indian
Jl of Pure & Applied Math,, Vol. 35, No. 2 , pp. 167-176.
CHANSON, H., AOKI, S., and HOQUE, A.
(2002). "Scaling Bubble Entrainment and Dispersion in Vertical Circular
Plunging Jet Flows: Freshwater versus Seawater." Proc. 5th Intl Conf. on
Hydrodynamics ICHD 2002., Tainan, Taiwan, H.H. HWUNG, J.F. LEE &
K.S. HWANG Editors, pp. 431-436. (Download PDF
File)
CHANSON, H., AOKI, S., and HOQUE, A.
(2002). "Similitude of Air Entrainment at Vertical Circular Plunging Jets."
Proc. 2002 ASME Joint US-European Fluids Eng. Conf., FEDSM-2002,
Montréal, Canada, Paper FEDSM2002-31024, 6 pages (CD-ROM) (ISBN
0-7918-3600-2). (download PDF
file)
HOQUE, A., and AOKI, S. (2001).
"Energy Transformation due to Air Bubble Entrainment by Vertical Plunging
Jet and Hydraulic Jump." Proc. 1st Asian
and Pacific Coastal Eng. Conf., Dailan, China, Vol. 1, pp. 136-144.
CHANSON, H., AOKI, S., and HOQUE, A.
(2002). "Similitude of Air Bubble Entrainment and Dispersion in
Vertical Circular Plunging Jet Flows. An Experimental Study with Freshwater,
Salty Freshwater and Seawater." Coastal/Ocean Engineering Report,
No. COE02-1, Dept. of Architecture and Civil Eng., Toyohashi University of
Technology, Japan, 94 pages. (Download PDF
files) (PDF
version at EprintsUQ)
Air entrainment at plunging breakers and its
effect on the shoreline
Student : Mamoru MARUYAMA (Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan)
MARUYAMA, M. (2000). "Water Level Rise and
its Propagation caused by Entrained Air Bubbles at Plunging
Breakers." Masters thesis, Dept. of Architecture and Civil Engrg.,
Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan, 114 pages (in Japanese).
Study period : 1999-2001 (Masters project)
Supervisors: Shin-ichi AOKI and Hubert CHANSON
Publications derived from the project
CHANSON, H., AOKI, S., and MARUYAMA, M. (2002). "An
Experimental Study of Tsunami Runup on Dry and Wet Horizontal Coastlines." International Journal of the Tsunami Society,
Science of Tsunami Hazards, Vol. 20, No. 5, pp. 278-293 (ISSN
8755-6839). (Download PDF
File)
CHANSON, H., AOKI, S., and MARUYAMA, M. (2002). "Unsteady Air Bubble
Entrainment and Detrainment at a Plunging Breaker: Dominant Time Scales and
Similarity of Water Level Variations." Coastal Engineering, Vol. 46,
No. 2, pp. 139-157 (ISSN 0378-3839). (Download PDF
File)
CHANSON, H., AOKI, S., and MARUYAMA, M. (2002). "Unsteady Two-Dimensional
Orifice Flow: a Large-Size Experimental Investigation." Jl
of Hyd. Res., IAHR, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 63-71 (ISSN
0022-1686). (Download PDF
File)
CHANSON, H., AOKI, S., and MARUYAMA, M. (2000). "Unsteady Air Bubble
Entrainment at a Plunging Breaker : a Full-scale Modelling" Proc.
Euromech
Colloquium No. 416, Geona, Italy, September 20-22, Interactions of
Strong Turbulence with Free Surfaces, Book of abstracts, pp. 47-48.
AOKI, S., CHANSON, H., and MARUYAMA, M. (2000). "Water Level Rise Caused by
Entrained Air Bubbles at Plunging Breakers: an Experimental Study" Proc.
27th Intl Conf. Coastal Engineering, Book of abstracts, Sydney,
Australia, July 16-21, R. Cox Editor, Vol. 1, Poster 3, 2 pages (ISBN 085825
722X).
CHANSON, H., AOKI, S., and MARUYAMA, M. (2000). "Unsteady Two-Dimensional
Orifice Flow: an Experimental Study." Coastal/Ocean Engineering Report,
No. COE00-1, Dept. of Architecture and Civil Eng., Toyohashi University of
Technology, Japan, 29 pages.
CHANSON, H., AOKI, S., and MARUYAMA, M. (2000). "Experimental Investigations
of Wave Runup Downstream of Nappe Impact. Applications to Flood Wave
Resulting from Dam Overtopping and Tsunami Wave Runup." Coastal/Ocean
Engineering Report, No. COE00-2, Dept. of Architecture and Civil Eng.,
Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan, 38 pages.
CHANSON, H., AOKI, S., and MARUYAMA, M. (1999). "Air Bubble Entrainment at
Plunging Breakers and its Effect on Long Period Waves: an Experimental
study." Coastal/Ocean Engineering Report, No. COE99-1, Dept. of
Architecture and Civil Eng., Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan,
July, 41 pages.<>
Aeration due to Breaking Waves
Student : Peter D. CUMMINGS
CUMMINGS, P.D. (1996). "Aeration due to
Breaking Waves."
Ph.D. thesis,
Dept. of Civil Engrg., University of Queensland, Australia, 523 pages
(DOI: 10.14264/uql.2015.70). (
PDF
Version at UQeSpace)
Study period : 1992-1995 (Ph.D. project)
Supervisor: Hubert CHANSON and Colin APELT
Publications derived from the project
CUMMINGS, P.D., and CHANSON, H.
(1999). "An Experimental Study of Individual Air Bubble Entrainment at a
Planar Plunging Jet." Chem. Eng. Research and Design, Trans. IChemE,
Part A, Vol. 77, No. A2, pp. 159-164 (ISSN 0263-8762). (download
PDF file)
CUMMINGS, P.D. (1998). "The Growth
of Wind Waves Estimated using a New Irrotational Finite Amplitude Water Wave
Model." Jl of Coastal Research, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 1354-1362.
CUMMINGS, P.D., and CHANSON, H.
(1997). "Air Entrainment in the Developing Flow Region of Plunging Jets.
Part 1 Theoretical Development." Jl of Fluids Eng., Trans. ASME,
Vol. 119, No. 3, pp. 597-602 (ISSN 0098-2202). (download
PDF file)
CUMMINGS, P.D., and CHANSON, H.
(1997). "Air Entrainment in the Developing Flow Region of Plunging Jets.
Part 2 : Experimental." Jl of Fluids Eng., Trans. ASME, Vol. 119,
No. 3, pp. 603-608 (ISSN 0098-2202). (download PDF file) {Databank}
CHANSON, H., and CUMMINGS, P.D.
(1994). "Effects of Plunging Breakers on the Gas Contents in the Oceans." Marine
Technology Society Journal, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 22-32 (ISSN
0025-3324). (Download PDF
file)
CUMMINGS, P.D., and CHANSON, H.
(1998). "Individual Air Bubble Entrainment at a Planar Plunging Jet with
Near-Inception Flow Conditions." Proc. 13th Australasian Fluid Mech.
Conf., Melbourne, Australia, 13-18 December, M.C. THOMPSON & K.
HOURIGAN Ed., Vol. 1, pp. 251-254 (ISBN 0 7326 2044 9).
CHANSON, H., and CUMMINGS, P.D.
(1994). "Modelling Air Bubble Entrainment by Plunging Breakers." Proc.
Intl Symp. : Waves - Physical and Numerical Modelling, IAHR,
Vancouver, Canada, M. ISAACSON and M. QUICK Edit., Vol. 2, pp. 783-792 (ISBN
0-88865-364-6). (PDF
Version at EprintsUQ)
CUMMINGS, P.D. (1994). "Gas Transfer
at Overfalls and Drop Structures." Proc. Intl Conf. on Hydraulics in
Civil Eng., IEAust., Brisbane, Australia, 15-17 Feb., pp. 105-109.
CHANSON, H., and CUMMINGS, P.D.
(1993). "Prediction of Bubble Entrainment due to Storm Waves." Proc.
25th IAHR Congress, Tokyo, Japan, paper C3-2, Vol. 4, pp. 80-87.
CHANSON, H., and CUMMINGS, P.D.
(1994). "An Experimental Study on Air Carryunder due to Plunging Liquid Jet
- Discussion." Intl Jl of Multiphase Flow,
Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 667-770 (ISSN 0301-9322). (Download
PDF file)
CUMMINGS, P.D., and CHANSON, H.
(1997). "Air Entrainment in the Developing Flow Region of Plunging Jets.
Extended Electronic Manuscript." Jl of Fluids Engineering - Data Bank,
ASME (Internet address : http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/) (Electronic
Files : 6,904 kBytes) (ISSN 0098-2202). {Databank}
CHANSON, H., and CUMMINGS, P.D.
(1996). "Air-Water Interface Area in Supercritical Flows down Small-Slope
Chutes." Research Report No. CE151, Dept. of Civil Engineering,
University of Queensland, Australia, Feb., 67 pages (ISBN 0 86776 635
2). (PDF version
at EprintsUQ)
CHANSON, H., and CUMMINGS, P.D.
(1992). "Aeration of the Ocean due to Plunging Breaking Waves." Research
Report No. CE142, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of
Queensland, Australia, Nov., 42 pages (ISBN 0 86776 502 X).
International conference presentations by Peter CUMMINGS
CHANSON, H., and CUMMINGS, P.D. (1994). "Modelling Air Bubble
Entrainment by Plunging Breakers." International Symposium : Waves -
Physical and Numerical Modelling, IAHR, Vancouver, Canada, M. ISAACSON
and M. QUICK Edit., Vol. 2, pp. 783-792 (ISBN 0-88865-364-6).
CUMMINGS, P.D. (1994). "Gas Transfer at Overfalls and Drop
Structures." International Conference on Hydraulics in Civil Eng.,
IEAust., Brisbane, Australia, 15-17 Feb., pp. 105-109
Re-oxygenation
in
open channel flows
Student : QIAO G.L.
Study period : 1993-1994
Publications derived from the project
CHANSON, H., and QIAO, G.L. (1994).
"Drag Reduction in Hydraulics Flows." Proc. Intl Conf. on Hydraulics in
Civil Eng., IEAust., Brisbane, Australia, 15-17 Feb., pp. 123-128
(ISBN Book 85825 5979). (Download PDF
file)
CHANSON, H., and QIAO, G.L. (1994).
"Air Bubble Entrainment and Gas Transfer at Hydraulic Jumps." Research
Report No. CE149, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of
Queensland, Australia, Aug., 68 pages (ISBN 0 86776 5828).
Free-surface
flows
of thixotropic fluid
Student : Sebastien JARNY (Laboratory of Materials and Structures in
Civil Engineering L.M.S.G.C., France)
Study period : -2005
Publications derived from the project
COUSSOT, P., ROUSSEL, N., JARNY, S.,
and CHANSON, H. (2005). "Continuous or Catastrophic Solid-Liquid Transition
in Jammed Systems." Physics of Fluids,
Vol. 17, No. 1, Article 011703, 4 pages (ISSN 0031-9171). (Download
PDF file)
CHANSON, H., JARNY, S., TOCQUER,
L., and COUSSOT, P. (2004). "An Experimental Study of Sudden Release of
Bentonite Suspensions down an Inclined Chute." Proc.
15th Australasian Fluid Mech. Conf., AFMC, Sydney, Australia, M.
BEHNIA, W. LIN & G.D. McBAIN Ed., Paper AFMC00252, 4 pages (CD-ROM)
(ISBN 1-864-87695-6). (Download PDF
file)
CHANSON, H., COUSSOT, P., JARNY, S.,
and TOQUER, L. (2004). "A Study of Dam Break Wave of Thixotropic Fluid:
Bentonite Surges down an Inclined plane." Report
No. CH54/04, Dept. of Civil Engineering, The University of
Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, June, 90 pages (ISBN 1864997710). (Download
PDF files [2.1 Mb])
(PDF version at
EprintsUQ)
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